[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-263863-105":59,"doc-detail-263863-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","ged-testing-service-efficacy-research-report-april-2018","GED Testing Service - Efficacy Research Report - April 2018","","GED Testing Service Efficacy Research Report outlines how assessment effectiveness is defined and evaluated, focusing on validity, reliability, and fairness as core attributes of test scores and their use. It explains that efficacy means fitness for a specified purpose, using diagnostic information to inform decisions about learners’ progress rather than treating test-taking as learning itself. The report also describes how evidence types are selected and consolidated in line with Joint Committee Standards and technical manuals.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ged-testing-service-efficacy-research-report-april-2018/263863/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ged-testing-service-efficacy-research-report-april-2018/263863.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sage","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the report define assessment efficacy for a given purpose?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Assessment efficacy is defined as how well test scores and diagnostic information provide an accurate snapshot of what learners know and can do for a specific intended use.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What three attributes determine the quality of test scores in the report?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Validity, reliability, and fairness are presented as the primary attributes that define fitness for purpose and require supporting evidence.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What kinds of evidence support validity, reliability, and fairness?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Validity evidence includes how content was developed and relationships between assessment scores and other measures; reliability evidence includes score consistency over time/forms/scorers; fairness evidence includes analyses for subgroup bias and reviews of potentially biasing content.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},263863,1789374814,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},687197207057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","GED Testing Service  \nEfficacy Research Report  \nApril 2018  \nContents  \n03 Introduction  \n05 Product summary  \n07 Assessment quality indicator  \n08 Foundational research  \n09 Product research  \nEfficacy Research Report | GED Testing Service  \nIntroduction  \nIn 2013, Pearson made a commitment to efficacy: to identify the outcomes that matter most to students and educators, and to have a greater impact on improving those outcomes. Our aspiration was to put the learner at the heart of the Pearson strategy; our goal was to help more learners, learn more.  \nA critical part of Pearson’s portfolio is its Assessment business, which is really a services business supporting our customer requests by designing, building, administering, scoring, and reporting on test-taker performance in many different contexts (ranging from K–12 classrooms to the workplace) and for different purposes (ranging from supporting classroom instruction through ongoing progress monitoring to certifying fitness for employment ina given occupation) . The people who take these tests are learners on a journey, similar to students who use our courseware products in the classroom to fulfill course requirements. In this case, however, the test is serving a slightly different function along this journey than would one of our digital courseware products. Taking a test isnot a learning experience in and of itself, but rather, the scores and diagnostic information from these assessments may be used by instructors and others to make decisions about a learner’s progress along their journey. Therefore, a measure of efficacy for assessments is not whether taking the test leads directly to higher achievement or passing the course, but whether the scores and other diagnostic information provide an accurate snapshot of what the learner knows and can do. In other words, the efficacy of an assessment is its fitness for a given purpose.  \nThe fitness of an assessment for a given purpose, in turn, is defined by three primary qualities or attributes of test scores and their use: validity, reliability, and fairness. The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (AERA, APA, NCME, 2014) have defined these attributes as follows:  \n—Validity is “the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores for proposed uses of tests“ (p. 11) . Validity requires evidence that test scores can be interpreted as they are intended and can be appropriately used for a specific, defined purpose.  \n—Reliability is “the consistency of scores across replications of a testing procedure” (p. 33) . Reliability requires evidence of the consistency of scores over time, across multiple forms of the assessment, and/or over multiple scorers.  \n—Fairness suggests that “scores have the same meaning for all individuals in the intended population” (p. 50) .  \nFairness requires evidence that when assessments are administered as intended, items are not systematically biased against any particular group of test-takers and students are not hindered in demonstrating their skills by irrelevant barriers in the test administration procedures.  \nGiven the longstanding role of the Joint Committee Standards as a source of guidance on best practices in the development and evaluation of tests and the role these standards play in the legal defensibility of assessment, Pearson has adopted these three attributes as the Assessment Quality Indicators on which we publicly report evidence underlying our assessment products. Each attribute is associated with a range of evidence types that are more or less relevant in a given context depending on the test’s particular purpose and intended uses.  \nFor example, there are five commonly-accepted types of validity evidence that can be woven together to formulate an argument that a particular test can be interpreted as intended and used in a particular way, including evidence about how the assessment content was developed and how scores on the assessment rel","cbCainn9vLLsuhM9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainn9vLLsuhM9","pdf",208659,13,"English","# Introduction\n# Product summary\n# Assessment quality indicator\n# Foundational research\n# Product research","[{\"question\":\"How does the report define assessment efficacy for a given purpose?\",\"answer\":\"Assessment efficacy is defined as how well test scores and diagnostic information provide an accurate snapshot of what learners know and can do for a specific intended use.\"},{\"question\":\"What three attributes determine the quality of test scores in the report?\",\"answer\":\"Validity, reliability, and fairness are presented as the primary attributes that define fitness for purpose and require supporting evidence.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of evidence support validity, reliability, and fairness?\",\"answer\":\"Validity evidence includes how content was developed and relationships between assessment scores and other measures; reliability evidence includes score consistency over time/forms/scorers; fairness evidence includes analyses for subgroup bias and reviews of potentially biasing content.\"}]","GED Testing Service - Efficacy Research Report - April 2018 | PDF",33]