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Modules cover renewable and non-renewable resources, land/forest/water/mineral/food and energy issues; ecosystem concepts, food chains and webs, ecological succession, and ecosystem types. Additional modules address pollution sources and controls, solid waste and disaster management, plus human population, health and social issues such as infectious diseases, immunisation, endocrine disruptors, sustainable development, legislation, and public awareness. Concludes with course outcomes and aligned objectives.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ged-1206-environmental-sciences-course-outline/264774/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ged-1206-environmental-sciences-course-outline/264774.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What topics are covered in Module I Natural Resources?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The module covers renewable and non-renewable resources, along with issues and management for land, forests, water, minerals, food resources, and energy resources.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the course address biodiversity conservation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It explains ecosystem concepts and biodiversity types, values, threats, and conservation approaches including in-situ and ex-situ conservation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What environmental issues are included in Module III?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Module III covers air, water, soil, marine, noise, thermal, and nuclear pollution, solid waste management, and disaster management for multiple natural hazards.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},264774,1789389284,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":81,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":39},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","GED 1206 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES L T P C  \nSDG: All 2 0 0 2  \nCOURSE OBJECTIVES:  \nTo make the student conversant with the  \nCOB1: various natural resources, availability, utilisation and its current scenario.  \nCOB2: diverse ecosystems and its function, importance of biodiversity, its values, threats and conservation.  \nCOB3: types of pollutants and its impacts on the environment and the effects of natural disasters.  \nCOB4: impacts of human population, human health, diseases and immunisation for a sustainable lifestyle.  \nMODULE I NATURAL RESOURCES 8  \nNatural Resources: Renewable and non-renewable resources: Natural resources and associated problems - (a) Land resources: Land degradation soil erosion and desertification - (b) Forest resources: Use and overexploitation, deforestation (c) Water resources: Use and over-utilisation of surface and ground water, conflicts over water, dams: benefits and problems, effects on forest and tribal people- (d) Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, mining (e) Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture andovergrazing, effects of modern agriculture (f) Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and nonrenewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources.  \nMODULE II ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 8  \nConcept of an ecosystem - Food chains, food webs, Energy flow in the ecosystem - ecological pyramids - Ecological succession - Characteristic features, structure and function of (a) Terrestrial Ecosystems: Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem (b) Aquatic fresh water ecosystems: Ponds and lakes, rivers and streams (c) Aquatic salt water  \necosystems: oceans and estuaries  \nBiodiversity and its conservation - Types: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity-Values of biodiversity- India as a mega-diversity nation- Invasive, endangered, endemic and extinct species-Hot sports of biodiversity and Red Data book -Threats to biodiversity - Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.  \nB.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology  85  \nMODULE III ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND DISASTER 8 MANAGEMENT  \nSources, cause, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c) Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear pollution (h) ill-effects of fireworks and upkeep of clean environment, types of fire and fire extinguishers- Solid waste Management: types, collection, processing and disposal of urban waste, industrial waste, ewaste and biomedical wastes-Disaster management: flood, drought, cyclone, landslide, avalanche, volcanic eruptions, earthquake and tsunami.  \nMODULE IV HUMAN POPULATION, HEALTH AND SOCIAL 6 ISSUES  \nHuman Population - Population growth, Population explosion, population pyramid among nations-Family Welfare Programme-Human Rights-Value Education-Environment and human health: air-borne, water borne, infectious diseases, contagious diseases and immunisation (all types of vaccines from birth), risks due to chemicals in food and water, endocrine disrupting chemicals, cancer and environment - Sustainable development - Resettlement and rehabilitation of people - Environment Legislative laws- Women and Child Welfare, Public awareness.  \nCase studies related to current situation.  \nL – 30; Total Hours– 30  \nTEXT BOOKS:  \n1. Erach Bharucha, “Textbook for Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses of all Branches of Higher Education for University Grants Commission”, Orient Blackswan Pvt. Ltd. , Hyderabad, India, 2013.  \n2. Benny Joseph, “Environmental Studies”, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, India, 2009.  \n3. Ravikrishnan A, “Environmental Science and Engineering”, Sri Krishna Publications, Tamil Nadu, India, 2018.  \n4. Raman Sivakumar, “Introduction to Environmental Science and Engineering”, McGraw Hill Education, India, 2009.  \n5. Venugopala Rao P, “Principles of","cbCaipHt9WUP1Sxq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipHt9WUP1Sxq","pdf",125379,"English","# Course Objectives\n## Module I Natural Resources\n## Module II Ecosystems and Biodiversity\n## Module III Environmental Pollution and Disaster Management\n## Module IV Human Population, Health and Social Issues\n# Course Outcomes\n## CO1\n## CO2","[{\"question\":\"What topics are covered in Module I Natural Resources?\",\"answer\":\"The module covers renewable and non-renewable resources, along with issues and management for land, forests, water, minerals, food resources, and energy resources.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the course address biodiversity conservation?\",\"answer\":\"It explains ecosystem concepts and biodiversity types, values, threats, and conservation approaches including in-situ and ex-situ conservation.\"},{\"question\":\"What environmental issues are included in Module III?\",\"answer\":\"Module III covers air, water, soil, marine, noise, thermal, and nuclear pollution, solid waste management, and disaster management for multiple natural hazards.\"}]","GED 1206 Environmental Sciences - Course Outline | PDF"]