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Differentially expressed genes from TCGA and GEO are analyzed, and GDF15 expression is evaluated across normal and cancer tissues and patient sera. Correlations with cardiac troponin-T (c-TnT) and NT-proBNP support combined diagnostic value for predicting cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD).",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/gdf15-demonstrated-promising-potential-in-cancer-diagnosis-and-correlated-with-cardiac-biomarkers-hypothesis-paper/332429/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/gdf15-demonstrated-promising-potential-in-cancer-diagnosis-and-correlated-with-cardiac-biomarkers-hypothesis-paper/332429.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Asher","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-13","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What clinical problem does the paper address?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study targets cardiovascular toxicity from cancer therapies and the lack of effective biomarkers for early monitoring and diagnosis.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How is GDF15 evaluated in this research?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"GDF15 is assessed through differential gene analysis using TCGA and GEO, and its expression is examined in normal and cancer tissues as well as serum samples.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What cardiac biomarkers are linked to GDF15 in the findings?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The paper correlates GDF15 levels with c-TnT and NT-proBNP, and examines their combined diagnostic utility for CTRCD risk.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},332429,1790241234,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},687197207639,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Hao et al. Cardio-Oncology (2024) 10:56 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s40959-024-00263-9](https://doi.org/10.1186/s40959-024-00263-9)  \nCardio-Oncology  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nHypothesis paper: GDF15 demonstrated promising potential in Cancer diagnosis and correlated with cardiac biomarkers  \nXiaohe Hao 1†, Zhenyu Zhang 1†, Jing Kong2†, Rufei Ma3, Cuiping Mao 1, Xun Peng 1, Kun Ru 1, Lisheng Liu 1, Chuanxi Zhao 1, Xinkai Mo 1, Meijuan Cai4, Xiangguo Yu 1* and Qinghai Lin 1*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Cardiovascular toxicity represents a significant adverse consequence of cancer therapies, yet there remains a paucity of effective biomarkers for its timely monitoring and diagnosis. To give a first evidence able to elucidate the role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) in the context of cancer diagnosis and its specific association with cardiac indicators in cancer patients, thereby testing its potential in predicting the risk of CTRCD (cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction) .  \nMethods Analysis of differential ly expressed genes (DEGs), including GDF15, was performed by utilizing data from the public repositories of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Cardiomyopathy is the most common heart disease and its main clinical manifestations, such as heart failure and arrhythmia, are similar to those of CTRCD. Examination of GDF15 expression was conducted in various normal and cancerous tissues or sera, using available database and serum samples. The study further explored the correlation between GDF15 expression and the combined detection of cardiac troponin-T (c-TnT) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), assessing the combined diagnostic utility of these markers in predicting risk of CTRCD through longitudinal electrocardiograms (ECG) .  \nResults GDF15 emerged as a significant DEG in both cancer and cardiomyopathy disease models, demonstrating good diagnostic efficacy across multiple cancer types compared to healthy controls. GDF15 levels in cancer patients correlated with the established cardiac biomarkers c-TnT and NT-proBNP. Moreover, higher GDF15 levels correlated with an increased risk of ECG changes in the cancer cohort.  \nConclusion GDF15 demonstrated promising diagnostic potential in cancer identification; higher GDF15, combined with elevated cardiac markers, may play a role in the monitoring and prediction of CTRCD risk.  \nKeywords GDF15, Cancer, Cardiovascular toxicity, CTRCD, Biomarker  \n†Xiaohe Hao, Zhenyu Zhang and Jing Kong contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence:  \nXiangguo Yu[yuxiangguo21@foxmail.com](yuxiangguo21@foxmail.com)[ ](yuxiangguo21@foxmail.com)Qinghai Lin [linqinghai1988@126.com](linqinghai1988@126.com)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://](http://)[ ](http://)[creativecommons.org/l](creativecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.  \nHao et al. Cardio-Oncology (2024) 10:56  \nIntroduction  \nCancer and cardiovas","cbCaiorlRki7PlnQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiorlRki7PlnQ","pdf",11950556,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Cardiovascular toxicity and shared risk factors\n## Need for improved biomarkers\n# Methods\n## Differential gene analysis from TCGA and GEO\n## Expression assessment in tissues and sera\n## Diagnostic correlation using c-TnT and NT-proBNP\n# Results\n## Diagnostic efficacy of GDF15 across cancer models\n## Association with c-TnT and NT-proBNP\n## Link to ECG changes","[{\"question\":\"What clinical problem does the paper address?\",\"answer\":\"The study targets cardiovascular toxicity from cancer therapies and the lack of effective biomarkers for early monitoring and diagnosis.\"},{\"question\":\"How is GDF15 evaluated in this research?\",\"answer\":\"GDF15 is assessed through differential gene analysis using TCGA and GEO, and its expression is examined in normal and cancer tissues as well as serum samples.\"},{\"question\":\"What cardiac biomarkers are linked to GDF15 in the findings?\",\"answer\":\"The paper correlates GDF15 levels with c-TnT and NT-proBNP, and examines their combined diagnostic utility for CTRCD risk.\"}]","GDF15 demonstrated promising potential in Cancer diagnosis and correlated with cardiac biomarkers - Hypothesis paper | PDF",1789998157,38]