[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-207375-en":3,"doc-seo-207375-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},207375,2336477552062,"Stanford","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d",8,"Research & Report","GCSE Science Examinations 2008, 2009 and 2010 - Summary Report","A commissioned research summary evaluates how GCSE science examinations delivered across 2008, 2009 and 2010 meet purpose and standards across England and Wales awarding organisations. It reviews accuracy of science in questions and mark schemes, required scientific knowledge and skills, the mathematics demand, assessment of “How Science Works”, and the balance of question types. The study relies on analyses by experienced teachers, examiners and scientists who record findings in structured grids and use moderation to resolve major disagreements.","GCSE SCIENCE EXAMINATIONS 2008, 2009 AND 2010  \nsummary report  \nCOMISSIONED BY:  \nASSOCIATION FOR SCIENCE EDUCATION, INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS, ROYAL SOCIETY, SCIENCE COUNCIL AND SOCIETY OF BIOLOGY  \nBackground  \nIn 2006, a new set of GCSE science specifications was introduced by the four unitary awarding bodies (now referred to as awarding organisations)– AQA, Edexcel and OCR in England, and WJEC in Wales. The specifications were designed to provide a greater range of options for students taking GCSE science, both through the approach to the specification and the methods of assessment.  \nThus, in 2008 and subsequently, students could be  \nentered for science-related GCSEs in the following ways:  \n• a combination of GCSE Science (the minimum or‘core’ requirement to satisfy National Curriculum legislation) with, optionally, either GCSE Additional Science or  \nGCSE Additional Applied Science; or  \n• all three of: GCSE Biology, GCSE Chemistry, GCSE Physics; or  \n• GCSE Applied Science (Double award) .  \nStudents could attempt either foundation or higher tier papers in all the specifications. In addition, an awarding organisation could provide more than one GCSE specification or an individual specification could have more than one method of assessment (for example, multiple-choice papers as an alternative to written papers) .  \nKey players in the science education community1 , therefore commissioned research through SCORE to provide information on the ‘fitness for purpose’of the new GCSE science examinations, of all the specifications, across the four unitary awarding organisations in England and Wales. (The awarding organisation, CCEA, in Northern Ireland does not follow the same model and therefore did not come under the remit of this project and Scotland has an entirely different system.) The research appraised the GCSE science examination papers from the years 2008, 2009 and 2010.  \naims  \nThe overall objective of this research was to inform the organisations about the standards associated with GCSE science examinations so that they can make effective input to MPs, government bodies includingthe Department for Education (DfE) and the regulatory body Ofqual, and to the awarding organisations. This is a complex area and in order to focus the research the scope of the work was deliberately kept narrow, and covered five broad areas.  \n1. Accuracy of the science: whether the science in the examination questions and in the mark schemes (where available) was accurate.  \n2. Knowledge required: whether any questions could be answered without any knowledge of science or use of scientific skills.  \n3. Mathematics: the extent, type and level of mathematics needed, and whether this was the same across the awarding organisations.  \n4. How Science Works: the way in which How Science Works was assessed.  \n5. Question type: the balance between responses required for various question types in the examination papers.  \nThe research looked at the performance of assessment rather than being an assessment of performance. The assessment of both coursework and specification coverage were outside the scope of this project.  \nGCSE SCIENCE EXAMINATIONS 2008, 2009 AND 2010  \nSUMMARY REPORT  \n1 The Association for Science Education, Institute of Physics, Royal Society, Science Council and Society of Biology  \nGCSE SCIENCE EXAMINATIONS 2008, 2009 AND 2010 1  \nmethodology  \nThe methodology was essentially the same each year, although there were some refinements year on year. A Working Group of 15–18 experienced biology, chemistry and physics teachers, examiners and scientists (from universities and industry) analysed the following GCSE science papers, foundation and higher tier, from AQA, Edexcel, OCR and WJEC:  \n• the 2008 Science and Additional Science papers. In total 79 papers were analysed in March 2009;  \n• the 2009 separate science papers (paper 3s) and the Additional Applied Science papers (only AQA, OCR(A) and WJEC specifications have the latter papers","cbCaikzgzPaR1J7o","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikzgzPaR1J7o","pdf",57588,2,1,6,"English","en",105,"# Background\n# Aims\n# Methodology\n# Key Findings\n## Accuracy of the science\n## Knowledge of science","[{\"question\":\"What was the overall purpose of the GCSE science examinations research covering 2008–2010?\",\"answer\":\"To inform the organisations about standards in GCSE science examinations so they could provide effective input to MPs and government bodies and support awarding organisations.\"},{\"question\":\"Which five broad areas did the research scope cover?\",\"answer\":\"Accuracy of science, knowledge required, mathematics demand, assessment of “How Science Works”, and the balance of question types.\"},{\"question\":\"How was accuracy of science assessed in the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Most questions in 2008 and 2009 were found correct at the level examined, while concerns were noted when “allowable” answers in mark schemes did not reflect correct science.\"}]","GCSE Science Examinations 2008, 2009 and 2010 - 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