[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-208067-en":3,"doc-seo-208067-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},208067,549768064622,"Lucas Vance","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8",4,"Exam","GCSE Biology - Teaching Guidance (2016)","Teaching guidance for the WJEC GCSE in Biology, approved by Qualifications Wales, for delivery from 2016. Covers Unit 1 (cells, organ systems and ecosystems) and Unit 2 (variation, homeostasis and micro-organisms), including core subject statements on cell structure, microscopy, diffusion and osmosis, active transport, enzymes, and practical investigations. Includes guidance on respiratory, digestive, circulatory and plant processes, plus ecosystem impacts, inheritance and disease defence topics.","GCSE  \nWJEC GCSE in  \nBIOLOGY  \nAPPROVED BY QUALIFICATIONS WALES  \nGUIDANCE FOR TEACHING  \nTeaching from 2016  \nThis Qualifications Wales regulated qualification is not available to centres in England.  \nContents  \nUNIT 1 – CELLS, ORGAN SYSTEMS and ECOSYSTEMS  \n1.1 CELLS AND MOVEMENT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES  \n1.2 RESPIRATION AND THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN HUMANS  \n1.3 DIGESTION AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IN HUMANS  \n1.4 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IN HUMANS  \n1.5 PLANTS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS  \n1.6 ECOSYSTEMS, NUTRIENT CYCLES AND HUMAN IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT  \n3  \n13  \n15  \n21  \n23  \n32  \nUNIT 2 – VARIATION, HOMEOSTASIS and MICRO-ORGANISMS  \n2.1 CLASSIFICATION AND BIODIVERSITY 36  \n2.2 CELL DIVISION AND STEM CELLS 42  \n2.3 DNA AND INHERITANCE 43  \n2.4 VARIATION AND EVOLUTION 45  \n2.5 RESPONSE AND REGULATION 55  \n2.6 ROLE OF KIDNEY IN HOMEOSTASIS 61  \n2.7 MICRO-ORGANISMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 66  \n2.8 DISEASE, DEFENCE AND TREATMENT 72  \nUNIT 1 – CELLS, ORGAN SYSTEMS and ECOSYSTEMS  \n1.1 CELLS AND MOVEMENT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES  \n\n| Spec Statement |  | Comment |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) | the structure of animal and plant cells, including drawing and labelling diagrams and the function of the following parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole | Know the role of the following structures:\u003Cbr>cell membrane: controls the entry and exit of substances\u003Cbr>cytoplasm: site of most cell reactions\u003Cbr>nucleus: contains chromosomes which carry genetic information and controls the activities of the cell mitochondrion: site of aerobic respiration\u003Cbr>cell wall containing cellulose: structural support for plant cells\u003Cbr>chloroplast: site of photosynthesis\u003Cbr>vacuole: contains a watery sugar solution (sap), a swollen vacuole pushes the rest of the cell contents against the cell wall, making the cell firm |\n| (b) | the use of a light microscope to view animal and plant cells | Calculation of total magnification is achieved by the multiplication of the power of the eyepiece lens by the power of the objective lenses.\u003Cbr>• how a slide is prepared, including that biological staining allows more detail of the cell to be seen\u003Cbr>• the limitations of light microscopy in studying cell structure: restriction in maximum magnification\u003Cbr>• a simple comparison with the electron microscope: greater magnification but can only be used to view dead tissue |\n| (c) | the differentiation of cells in multicellular organisms to become adapted for specific functions-specialised cells | Specialised cells are more efficient in performing specific functions than non-specialised cells. |\n| (d) | the levels of organisation within organisms: tissues are groups of similar cells with a similar function and organs may comprise several tissues performing specific functions; organs are organised into organ systems, which work together to form organisms |  |\n\n\n| (e) | diffusion as the movement of substances down a concentration gradient; the role of the cell membrane in diffusion; Visking tubing as a model of living material; the results of Visking tubing experiments in terms of membrane pore and particle size |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (f) | diffusion as a passive process, allowing only certain substances to pass through the cell membrane in this way, most importantly oxygen and carbon dioxide |  |\n| (g) | osmosis as the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of high water (low solute) concentration to a region of low water (high solute) concentration | Carry out practical work to show osmosis in living material. The results should be quantitative where possible, giving students opportunities to make calculations and analyse data in order to draw conclusions. |\n| (h) | active transport as an active process whereby substances can enter cells against a concentration gradient | Respiration provides the energy required in the form of ATP. (No detail is required of the process of ATP synthesis or how it is used to rele","cbCaieKcQIl8ASVB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieKcQIl8ASVB","pdf",2498626,1,76,"English","en",105,"# UNIT 1 – CELLS, ORGAN SYSTEMS and ECOSYSTEMS\n## Cells and movement across cell membranes\n## Respiration and the respiratory system in humans\n## Digestion and the digestive system in humans\n## Circulatory system in humans\n## Plants and photosynthesis\n## Ecosystems, nutrient cycles and human impact on the environment\n# UNIT 2 – VARIATION, HOMEOSTASIS and MICRO-ORGANISMS\n## Classification and biodiversity\n## Cell division and stem cells\n## DNA and inheritance\n## Variation and evolution\n## Response and regulation\n## Role of kidney in homeostasis\n## Micro-organisms and their applications\n## Disease, defence and treatment","[{\"question\":\"What topics are included in Unit 1 of the WJEC GCSE Biology course?\",\"answer\":\"Unit 1 covers cells and movement across membranes, human respiratory, digestive and circulatory systems, plants and photosynthesis, and ecosystems including nutrient cycles and human environmental impact.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the guidance say students should learn about diffusion, osmosis and active transport?\",\"answer\":\"It defines diffusion down a concentration gradient, explains the role of the cell membrane, models osmosis using selectively permeable membranes, and describes active transport as substances entering cells against a concentration gradient.\"},{\"question\":\"Which specified practical work is referenced in the guidance?\",\"answer\":\"The document includes examination of animal and plant cells using a microscope with production of labelled scientific diagrams, and practical investigation into factors affecting enzymes, including tasks on observing and analysing results.\"}]","GCSE Biology - 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