[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-208099-en":3,"doc-seo-208099-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":88},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":20,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":26,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},208099,2336475104736,"วิน","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c5e0e5b17e70?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786591360781797222",4,"Exam","GCSE Biology 1.5 Plants and photosynthesis knowledge organiser","GCSE Biology 1.5 knowledge organiser covering photosynthesis and related plant systems. Explains enzyme-controlled photosynthesis in chloroplasts, roles of chlorophyll, sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and the production of glucose with oxygen as a by-product. Summarises limiting factors affecting rate, including temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration, plus methods for testing starch using iodine. Includes mineral needs, key leaf structures for transport and gas exchange, and transpiration factors linked to stomata and water movement through xylem and roots.","GCSE Biology 1.5 Plants and photosynthesis knowledge organiser  \nPhotosynthesis  \nA series of enzyme-controlled reactions in plant cells. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy for the reaction. The leaf is the organ of photosynthesis.  \nSunlight  \nUsed in respiration to release energy  \nTransformed into celluslose, proteins and oils  \nStored as starch  \nWater + carbon dioxide Glucose + Oxygen  \n(from roots) (from air) Chlorophyll (a byproduct)  \n(in chloroplasts)  \n Factors affecting photosynthesis-Limiting factors   \nTemperature-Rate of photosynthesis is usually measured by recording the volume of oxygen produced.  \nLight intensityUsually investigated by moving a plant closer to a light source and recording the O2 produced.  \nCarbon dioxideWhen investigating the effect of CO2 on photosynthesis scientists enclose the leaf in a transparent bag/jar with sodium hydroxide, this chemical absorbs  \nCO2.  \nTemperature  \nRate of photosynthysis  \nRate of photosynthysis  \nLight intensity  \nCarbon dioxide concentration  \nAs photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes as the temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis increases to an optimum then decreases.  \nAs light intensity increases so does the rate of photosynthesis until lack of another factor e.g. CO2 limits any further increase.  \nAs CO2 increases the rate of photosynthesis increases until another factor limits the increases e.g. light intensity.  \nThe leaf separate science only  \nCutile Upper  epidermis   \nPalisade layer  \nSpongy  \nlayer   \nPhloem carries  \nsucrose away for respiration or storage as starch.  \nStomata  \nXylem carries  \nwater and minerals.  \nStomata are made of guard cells and can open and close to allow gas exchange in the day and prevent water loss at night  \nTesting a leaf for starch  \nLeaves kept in the dark for 24 hrs are destarched. They can the be used to investigate photosynthesis in different conditions. If a plant has been photosynthesising its leaf will contain starch.  \nThe test:  \n1. Boil the leaf to kill it  \n2. Decolourise using ethanol  \n3. Wash to soften  \n4. Test with iodine-a blue/black colour shows the presence of starch.  \nMinerals-separate science only  \nPlants need certain minerals for healthy growth. A deficiency of certain mineral cause specific growth problems.  \n\n| Deficient mineral | Growth problem |\n| --- | --- |\n| Nitrates | Poor growth |\n| Potassium | Yellowing of leaf |\n| Phosphates | Poor root growth |\n\nThe importance of water-separate science only   \nWater is used in photosynthesis, transport of minerals and provides support by filling the cell vacuoles which push against cell walls. This keeps cells turgid and prevents cells becoming flaccid and wilting.  \nLeaf Water from the xylem evapotates into air spaces. Some water vapur is lost from the stoma. This is transpitration.  \n| Factors affecting the rate of transpiration |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| If factor increased | Effect\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>|\n| Temperature | |\n| Humiity | |\n| Wind speed |  |\n\nXylem carries water in one direction up the plant.  \nRoots  \nThe root hairs increase the surface area for absorption of water. Minerals are actively transported into the cells which allows water to be drawn by osmosis into the root cells and then to the xylem.  \nThe active transport means that root cells are actively respiring requiring lots of oxygen.","cbCaimfGtnBokzlw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimfGtnBokzlw","pdf",611924,1,"English","en",105,"# Photosynthesis\n## Limiting factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis\n## Testing a leaf for starch\n# Leaf structure and transport\n## Xylem and phloem\n## Stomata and gas exchange\n# Minerals and growth\n# Importance of water\n## Transpiration and factors affecting transpiration\n# Roots and absorption","[{\"question\":\"What is photosynthesis and where does it happen in the plant?\",\"answer\":\"Photosynthesis is a series of enzyme-controlled reactions in plant cells. It happens in chloroplasts, where chlorophyll absorbs light energy to drive the reaction.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors limit the rate of photosynthesis?\",\"answer\":\"The rate is affected by temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration. Increasing one factor raises the rate until another factor becomes limiting.\"},{\"question\":\"How is a leaf tested for starch to check whether photosynthesis has occurred?\",\"answer\":\"Leaves are kept in the dark to remove stored starch, then investigated under different conditions. The test involves boiling the leaf, decolourising with ethanol, washing, and adding iodine; a blue/black colour indicates starch presence.\"}]","GCSE Biology 1.5 Plants and photosynthesis knowledge organiser | PDF",1788602437,3,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":23,"language":22,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":83,"head_meta":85,"extra_data":87,"updated_unix":27},"gcse-biology-15-plants-and-photosynthesis-knowledge-organiser","",{"@graph":35,"@context":82},[36,51,65],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":28},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/gcse-biology-15-plants-and-photosynthesis-knowledge-organiser/208099/",{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":52,"author":53,"headline":13,"publisher":55,"fileFormat":58,"inLanguage":22,"description":14,"dateModified":59,"datePublished":59,"encodingFormat":58,"isAccessibleForFree":60,"interactionStatistic":61},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":54},"Person",{"url":40,"name":56,"@type":57},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":62,"interactionType":63,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":64},"ViewAction",{"@type":66,"mainEntity":67},"FAQPage",[68,74,78],{"name":69,"@type":70,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What is photosynthesis and where does it happen in the plant?","Question",{"text":72,"@type":73},"Photosynthesis is a series of enzyme-controlled reactions in plant cells. It happens in chloroplasts, where chlorophyll absorbs light energy to drive the reaction.","Answer",{"name":75,"@type":70,"acceptedAnswer":76},"Which factors limit the rate of photosynthesis?",{"text":77,"@type":73},"The rate is affected by temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration. Increasing one factor raises the rate until another factor becomes limiting.",{"name":79,"@type":70,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How is a leaf tested for starch to check whether photosynthesis has occurred?",{"text":81,"@type":73},"Leaves are kept in the dark to remove stored starch, then investigated under different conditions. The test involves boiling the leaf, decolourising with ethanol, washing, and adding iodine; a blue/black colour indicates starch presence.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":84,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":56,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":86,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":23},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":89},[90,94,98,101,106,111,116,121,126,129,133],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":91,"show_sort_weight":92,"slug":93},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},70,"exam",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":125},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":127,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":128},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":130,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":131,"show_sort_weight":130,"slug":132},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":134,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":135,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":136},19,"General","general"]