[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-631056-105":59,"doc-detail-631056-en":133},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":126,"head_meta":128,"extra_data":130,"updated_unix":132},105,"en","garland-of-birth-stories","Garland of Birth-Stories","","Jātakamālā, also titled Garland of Birth-Stories, presents a collection of Buddhist birth legends (dāna, śīla, karuṇā, etc.) rendered in English translation by J. S. Speyer. The table of contents lists introductory stanzas and a sequence of numbered tales, spanning themes such as generosity, virtue, compassion, truth, patience, loving-kindness, and related moral ideals. Editorial material includes an editor’s preface explaining transcription and formatting choices for readability, plus historical notes about the publication context of the Sacred Books of the East.",{"@graph":69,"@context":125},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":10,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/story-novel/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/garland-of-birth-stories/631056/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/garland-of-birth-stories/631056.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Lucas Martin","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117,121],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is Jātakamālā and what does this edition include?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Jātakamālā (Garland of Birth-Stories) is a collection of Buddhist birth legends presented with introductory material and a long sequence of numbered stories, each associated with a virtue or theme. This edition also includes editor’s and introduction prefaces.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How was the English text prepared for this electronic edition?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"The editor describes splitting overly long paragraphs, improving presentation to distinguish verse and prose, converting Roman numerals to Arabic numerals, and adjusting quotation and punctuation conventions for readability.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"Who are the key contributors mentioned in the front matter?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The contents credit Āryaśūra as the original author and J. S. Speyer as the translator, with additional editorial prefaces attributed to F. Max Muller and an electronic editor (Ānandajoti Bhikkhu, dated January 2010).",{"name":122,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":123},"What themes do the numbered birth stories address?",{"text":124,"@type":112},"The table of contents groups stories under headings reflecting ethical qualities and virtues, including generosity (Dāna), virtue (Śīla), compassion (Karuṇā), truth (Satya), patience (Kṣānti), loving-kindness (Maitrī), and related ideals like mercy and steadfastness.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":127,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":129,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":131,"site_id":62},631056,1792668620,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":134},{"doc_id":131,"user_id":135,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":136,"doc_module":4,"category_id":8,"category_name":10,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":137,"file_id":138,"file_url":139,"file_type":140,"file_size":141,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":142,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":132,"read_time":147},8796095360427,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Jātakamālā  \nor  \nGarland of Birth-Stories  \nby  \nĀryaśūra  \ntranslated by  \nJ. S. Speyer  \nFirst Published London 1895  \nThis Electronic Edition 2010  \nTable of Contents  \nEditor's Preface (by F. Max Muller).....iii  \nIntroduction (by J. S. Speyer).....xv  \nJātakamālā.....1  \nIntroductory Stanzas.....2  \n1. The Story of the Tigress (Dāna).....3  \n2. The Story of the King of the Śibis (Dāna).....13  \n3. The Story of the Small Portion of Gruel (Dāna).....28  \n4. The Story of the Head of A Guild (Dāna).....35  \n5. The Story of Aviṣahya, the Head of a Guild (Dāna).....43  \n6. The Story of the Hare (Dāna).....52  \n7. The Story of Agastya (Dāna).....64  \n8. The Story of Maitrībala (Dāna).....78  \n9. The Story of Viśvantara (Dāna).....100  \n10. The Story of the Sacrifice (Śīla).....130  \n11. The Story of Śakra (Karuṇā).....144  \n12. The Story of the Brāhman (Hrī).....153  \n13. The Story of Unmādayantī (Dhairya).....158  \n14. The Story of Supāraga (Satya).....173  \n15. The Story of the Fish (Satya).....187  \n16. The Story of the Quail’s Young (Satya).....193  \n17. The Story of the Jar (Vāra).....197  \n18. The Story of the Childless One (Praviveka).....207  \n19. The Story of the Lotus-Stalks (Praviveka).....215  \n20. The Story of the Treasurer (Hrī).....229  \n21. The Story of Cuḍḍabodhi (Kṣānti).....240  \n22. The Story of the Holy Swans (Maitrī).....251  \n23. The Story of Mahābodhi (Kṣānti).....278  \n24. The Story of the Great Ape (Anukampā).....302  \n25. The Story of the Śarabha (Anukampā).....314  \n26. The Story of the Ruru-Deer (Dayā).....324  \n27. The Story of the Great Monkey (Anuvartinā).....338  \n28. The Story of Kṣāntivādin (Kṣānti).....350  \n29. The Story of the Inhabitant of the Brahmaloka (Anukampā).....371  \n30. The Story of the Elephant (Karuṇā).....388  \n31. The Story of Sutasoma (Satsaṁga).....402  \n33. The Story of the Buffalo (Kṣānti).....447  \n34. The Story of the Woodpecker (Kṣānti).....454  \nPreface to the Electronic Edition  \nThe text that follows is substantially a transcription of the translation of Jatakamālā made by J. S. Speyer and published originally in 1895 under the title Garland of Birth Stories. In preparing this edition I have made some small changes, mainly in presentation, so as to make the text more readable, which I will outline here.  \nThese include splitting paragraphs which were very long in the original publication; removing opening quotation marks from each new paragraph when the speech is continued (an old practice now largely abandoned); reformatting for clarity, especially in regard to distinguishing between verse and prose; changing Roman numerals to the more familiar Arabic; and exchanging the written “&c.” with “and so on”, which is how I have read it in the audio recordings which accompany this text.  \nI have also occasionally corrected spelling mistakes found in the text, though there were very few of these; I have taken some words into the footnotes, mainly where the Sanskrit had been included in brackets; and conversely brought matter back into the text from the footnotes, when it was originally part of the text.  \nWhile reading the text in for the audio recordings it became clear that the punctuation in the original printing was sometimes quite misleading, and in the later stories I started to correct this, but I have not been as consistent as I would have liked to be.  \nThe page numbers from the text (which is reproduced from Motilal Banarsidass' 1990 edition) have been entered in square brackets for reference purposes.  \nOn the whole I think that Speyer has made a good and readable translation, but there are occasions where there are misinterpretations that will be obvious to anyone reading from a Buddhist perspective today, especially the frequent references to the Self, an interpretation which is unwarranted by the grammar or by the doctrine.  \nIf I had more time I would like to undertake a fresh translation, or at least a revision of the present translation, but at present such","cbCaieSfA4AqgllH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieSfA4AqgllH","pdf",2330010,490,"English","# Editor's Preface (by F. Max Muller)\n# Introduction (by J. S. Speyer)\n# Jātakamālā\n## Introductory Stanzas\n## The Story of the Tigress (Dāna)\n## The Story of the King of the Śibis (Dāna)\n## The Story of the Small Portion of Gruel (Dāna)\n## The Story of the Head of A Guild (Dāna)\n## The Story of Aviṣahya, the Head of a Guild (Dāna)\n## The Story of the Hare (Dāna)\n## The Story of Agastya (Dāna)\n## The Story of Maitrībala (Dāna)\n## The Story of Viśvantara (Dāna)\n## The Story of the Sacrifice (Śīla)\n## The Story of Śakra (Karuṇā)\n## The Story of the Brāhman (Hrī)\n## The Story of Unmādayantī (Dhairya)\n## The Story of Supāraga (Satya)\n## The Story of the Fish (Satya)\n## The Story of the Quail’s Young (Satya)\n## The Story of the Jar (Vāra)\n## The Story of the Childless One (Praviveka)\n## The Story of the Lotus-Stalks (Praviveka)\n## The Story of the Treasurer (Hrī)\n## The Story of Cuḍḍabodhi (Kṣānti)\n## The Story of the Holy Swans (Maitrī)\n## The Story of Mahābodhi (Kṣānti)\n## The Story of the Great Ape (Anukampā)\n## The Story of the Śarabha (Anukampā)\n## The Story of the Ruru-Deer (Dayā)\n## The Story of the Great Monkey (Anuvartinā)\n## The Story of Kṣāntivādin (Kṣānti)\n## The Story of the Inhabitant of the Brahmaloka (Anukampā)\n## The Story of the Elephant (Karuṇā)\n## The Story of Sutasoma (Satsaṁga)\n## The Story of the Buffalo (Kṣānti)\n## The Story of the Woodpecker (Kṣānti)\n# Preface to the Electronic Edition\n# Editor's Preface (by F. Max Muller)","[{\"question\":\"What is Jātakamālā and what does this edition include?\",\"answer\":\"Jātakamālā (Garland of Birth-Stories) is a collection of Buddhist birth legends presented with introductory material and a long sequence of numbered stories, each associated with a virtue or theme. This edition also includes editor’s and introduction prefaces.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the English text prepared for this electronic edition?\",\"answer\":\"The editor describes splitting overly long paragraphs, improving presentation to distinguish verse and prose, converting Roman numerals to Arabic numerals, and adjusting quotation and punctuation conventions for readability.\"},{\"question\":\"Who are the key contributors mentioned in the front matter?\",\"answer\":\"The contents credit Āryaśūra as the original author and J. S. Speyer as the translator, with additional editorial prefaces attributed to F. Max Muller and an electronic editor (Ānandajoti Bhikkhu, dated January 2010).\"},{\"question\":\"What themes do the numbered birth stories address?\",\"answer\":\"The table of contents groups stories under headings reflecting ethical qualities and virtues, including generosity (Dāna), virtue (Śīla), compassion (Karuṇā), truth (Satya), patience (Kṣānti), loving-kindness (Maitrī), and related ideals like mercy and steadfastness.\"}]","Garland of Birth-Stories | PDF",755]