[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-45778-en":3,"doc-seo-45778-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},45778,2336464648322,"Aria","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2200025388227c56fec?_k=1778556882303663488",8,"Research & Report","Ganefo I Sports and Politics in Djakarta","Ganefo I in Djakarta is presented through a detailed account of its opening day, the scale of public participation, and the heavy political security surrounding the Bung Karno sports complex built with Soviet aid. The narrative links ceremonial gestures and international athlete representation to Indonesia’s strategic attention to Communist China. It further frames the Games as a political instrument, tracing Ganefo’s origins to visa controversies at the 1962 Asian Games and the subsequent Olympic Committee suspension of Indonesia.","Ganefo I:Sports and Politics in Djakarta  \nAuthor(s):Ewa T.Pauker  \nSource:Asian Survey,Vol.5,No.4(Apr.,1965),pp.171-185  \nPublished by:University of California Press  \nStable URL:https://www.jstor.org/stable/2642364  \nAccessed:23-10-201907:59 UTC  \nJSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars,researchers,and students discover,use,and build upon a widerange of content in a trusted digital archive.We use information technology and tools to increase productivity andfacilitate new forms of scholarship.For more information about JSTOR,please contact support@jstor.org.  \nYour use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms &Conditions of Use,available athttps://about.jstor.org/terms  \nUniversity of California Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize,preserve and extendaccess to Asian Survey  \nNovember 10,1963,was no ordinary day in Djakarta.Already,early in the morning,a steady stream of people were proceeding along thenewly-paved Djalan Djeneral Sudirman,festively decorated with thousandsof yards of red and white buntings,and along the just-opened American-built bypass.They were going to witness the opening of GANEFO I,theGames of the New Emerging Forces,to be held at the enormous 10 milliondollar Bung Karno sports complex which had been constructed with Sovietaid.  \nAs the day progressed,the congestion of traffic became intolerable.Onethousand seven hundred traffic policemen were required by Djakarta dur-ing the Games.To supplement the city's traffic force of 900 men,additionalpolicemen were brought in from other districts in Java and South Sumatra.The sports complex itself was bristling with troops guarding against whatthe Indonesians call\"undesirable eventualities.\"It was rumored in thecity that 17,000 troops were brought in to guard the area.A number ofarmored vehicles were posted near the gates.One couldn't quite be surewhether they were there to fire the salute to the Games or as part of thesecurity arrangements for the President.  \nBy three o'clock the main sports stadium,capable of holding over 100,-000 spectators,was filled to capacity,and thousands more were pressingat the gates.The Indonesian armed forces bands opened the proceedingsand took their turns in playing military marches.President Sukarno arrivedby helicopter at four p.m.,at which time the opening ceremonies for theFirst Games of the New Emerging Forces was formally commenced.  \nThe athletic procession was headed by a phalanx of hundreds of Indo-nesian youths carrying red-and-white flags.The following two hours weretaken up by a parade of athletes from various countries marching in alpha-betical order,each contingent preceded by its national flag.In all,51 coun-tries were represented.¹  \nUnder the watchful gaze of the entire diplomatic corps,President Su-karno singled out for recognition the Chinese delegation.In retrospect thisseemingly innocent gesture which set the tone for Indonesia's special atten-tions to the Chinese was the first public demonstration of the Sino-Indo-nesian rapprochement which became manifest one year later.As theenormous contingent from People's China marched past the diplomatic boxand the presidential stand,“...President Sukarno rose to shake hands withChina's Vice Premier Ho Lung who was on the receiving stand,havingbeen invited by the Indonesian Government to the opening of GANEFO.\"2It may be noted that the President made no comparable gesture towardsany of the other nations represented at the Games.  \nFor days past a number of runners had been carrying burning torchesfrom various parts of Indonesia which would be used to light the “eternalflame”of GANEFO.The moment the flames touched the GANEFO torch,the specially designed GANEFO flag was raised,and the GANEFO hymnwas played.As President Sukarno spoke the single sentence in Indonesian,French and English pronouncing the Games officially opened,guns boomedtheir salute,balloons were released over the stadium,thousands of dovesof peace fluttered away and t","cbCaiqseKaOSsYvT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqseKaOSsYvT","pdf",1464229,4,1,16,"English","en",105,"# Opening of GANEFO I in Djakarta\n## Ceremonies, security, and international participation\n# Political significance and questions raised\n## Definition, origins, and comparisons\n# Origins of GANEFO\n## 1962 Asian Games visa incident\n## IOC suspension of Indonesia","[{\"question\":\"What made the opening of GANEFO I in Djakarta unusual and highly controlled?\",\"answer\":\"The opening involved extensive traffic management, a very large police presence, troop guarding at the sports complex, and rumors of even larger security forces, reflecting strong concern over “undesirable eventualities.”\"},{\"question\":\"How did President Sukarno’s actions during the ceremonies signal political priorities?\",\"answer\":\"Sukarno singled out the Chinese delegation for recognition, a gesture treated as an early public demonstration of Indonesia’s special attention to China, without comparable gestures toward other represented nations.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the visa controversy at the 1962 Asian Games contribute to the rise of GANEFO?\",\"answer\":\"Indonesia’s refusal to issue visas to athletes of Israel and Nationalist China led to criticism, diplomatic tensions, and a scandal. This fed into later international sports consequences, including the IOC suspension of Indonesia for allowing politics to enter sports.\"}]",1783465763,40,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"ganefo-i-sports-and-politics-in-djakarta","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ganefo-i-sports-and-politics-in-djakarta/45778/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-20","2026-07-07",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What made the opening of GANEFO I in Djakarta unusual and highly controlled?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The opening involved extensive traffic management, a very large police presence, troop guarding at the sports complex, and rumors of even larger security forces, reflecting strong concern over “undesirable eventualities.”","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How did President Sukarno’s actions during the ceremonies signal political priorities?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"Sukarno singled out the Chinese delegation for recognition, a gesture treated as an early public demonstration of Indonesia’s special attention to China, without comparable gestures toward other represented nations.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How did the visa controversy at the 1962 Asian Games contribute to the rise of GANEFO?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Indonesia’s refusal to issue visas to athletes of Israel and Nationalist China led to criticism, diplomatic tensions, and a scandal. 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