[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-272621-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-272621-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","gambit-a-digital-tool-to-train-distinct-inhibitory-control-mechanisms-scientific-summary","GAMBIT - A Digital Tool to Train Distinct Inhibitory Control Mechanisms - scientific summary","","GAMBIT addresses cross-disorder deficits in inhibitory control by training multiple inhibitory components—preemptive, proactive, and reactive—within positive and negative affective contexts. The approach targets emotional interference by embedding behavioral trials alongside affective background stimuli to evaluate how emotional cues shape inhibitory performance. Two online experiments tested the paradigm: a one-session study (N=300) and a three-session study (N=65). Results indicate improved preemptive inhibition, session-related gains, and affect-modulated proactive slowing alongside reduced reactive inhibition latency over time.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/gambit-a-digital-tool-to-train-distinct-inhibitory-control-mechanisms-scientific-summary/272621/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/gambit-a-digital-tool-to-train-distinct-inhibitory-control-mechanisms-scientific-summary/272621.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Maeve","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What does GAMBIT train, and why are inhibitory control components important?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"GAMBIT trains three inhibition components—preemptive, proactive, and reactive. Inhibitory control deficits are described as common across psychiatric disorders and linked to symptom severity, so strengthening these components is positioned as an intervention target.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were affective contexts incorporated into the inhibitory control task?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Trials were embedded within positive and negative affective contexts. Affective images served as background stimuli with differing valence to test how emotional cues influence inhibitory performance.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What evidence supports successful training and improvements over sessions?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"In Experiment 1, participants showed higher accuracy on No-Go versus Go reference trials, supporting preemptive inhibition training. In Experiment 2, No-Go accuracy was replicated and generally improved across sessions, with reactive inhibition latency measures decreasing over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},272621,1791210666,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","medRxiv preprint doi: [https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.05.26347639](https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.05.26347639); this version posted March 6, 2026. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.  \nIt is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .  \nGAMBIT: A Digital Tool to Train Distinct Inhibitory Control Mechanisms  \nG. Dirupoa, M. L. Westwaterb, S. Khaikina, A. Federa, J. M. DePierroa, D.S. Charneya,c, J.W. Murrougha,c,d, L.S. Morrisa  \na: The Dennis S. Charney, MD, Depression and Anxiety Discovery Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America  \nb: Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK  \nc: Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York  \nd: VISN 2 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans ANairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York  \nKeywords: “Inhibitory control”,“behavioral training”,“digital”,“transdiagnostic intervention”.  \nCorresponding author: Giada Dirupo, [giada.dirupo@mssm.edu](giada.dirupo@mssm.edu)  \nThe Dennis S. Charney, MD, Depression and Anxiety Discovery Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1399 Park Ave, New York, NY 10029, United States of America  \nAuthor Contributions:  \nStudy conception and design: L.S.M., J.D.P.; Task development: L.S.M., G.D.; Data acquisition: G.D., S.K.; Statistical modeling: G.D., M.L.W.; Figures: G.D.; Drafting of the manuscript: G.D., S.K.; Critical revision of the manuscript: M.L.W., A.F., J.D.P., D.S.C., J.W.M., L.S.M.  \nAcknowledgements  \nThis work was supported by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Innovation Partners and in part through the generous support of the Ehrenkranz Center for Human Resilience at Mount Sinai, the Gottesman Foundation and Great Hill. This work was supported in part through the computational and data resources and sta[ expertise provided by Scientific Computing and Data atthe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) grant UL1TR004419 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.  \nWe would like to thank the PsychoPy team, especially Dr. Rebecca Hirst.  \nDisclosures  \nDr. Murrough has provided paid consultation services to Autobahn Therapeutics, Inc., Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cliniclabs, Inc., Clexio Biosciences, Ltd., Compass Pathfinder, Plc., Dr Jay, Frontier Pharma, LLC, HMP Collective, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, LivaNova, Plc., Merck & Co., Inc.,  \n1  \nNOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.  \nmedRxiv preprint doi: [https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.05.26347639](https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.05.26347639); this version posted March 6, 2026. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.  \nIt is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .  \nOtsuka Pharmaceutical, Ltd, WCG Clinical, Inc., and Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Drs. Morris, Murrough, Depierro, and Charney are named on a patent pending related to GAMBIT (Gamified Approach to Maximizing Biobehavioral Inhibition in Trauma-related conditions) .  \nAbstract  \nDeficits in inhibitory control are common across a wide range of psychiatric disorders and are closely linked to symptom severity, including emotional dysregulation, anxiety, substance misuse, and selfharm, making them an appealing target for intervention. Cognitive training o[ers a low-cost, scalable, and non-invasive strategy to strengthen inhibitory control; however, most existing paradigms target only a single facet of inhibition and rarely account for environmental influences, s","cbCaipommB1TuqAV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipommB1TuqAV","pdf",5580811,29,"English","# Abstract\n## Background and rationale\n## Training design and task components\n## Experimental studies and sample sizes\n## Key findings across inhibition components\n## Implications for emotional interference","[{\"question\":\"What does GAMBIT train, and why are inhibitory control components important?\",\"answer\":\"GAMBIT trains three inhibition components—preemptive, proactive, and reactive. Inhibitory control deficits are described as common across psychiatric disorders and linked to symptom severity, so strengthening these components is positioned as an intervention target.\"},{\"question\":\"How were affective contexts incorporated into the inhibitory control task?\",\"answer\":\"Trials were embedded within positive and negative affective contexts. Affective images served as background stimuli with differing valence to test how emotional cues influence inhibitory performance.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence supports successful training and improvements over sessions?\",\"answer\":\"In Experiment 1, participants showed higher accuracy on No-Go versus Go reference trials, supporting preemptive inhibition training. In Experiment 2, No-Go accuracy was replicated and generally improved across sessions, with reactive inhibition latency measures decreasing over time.\"}]","GAMBIT - A Digital Tool to Train Distinct Inhibitory Control Mechanisms - scientific summary | PDF",1789466453,73]