[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-228142-en":3,"doc-seo-228142-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":20,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":26,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},228142,1099513958607,"Jiven","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399",7,"Healthcare","Gallium-67 Scans in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - reply","Editorial correspondence analyzing gallium-67 (67Ga) imaging findings in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Responses discuss differential causes of symmetric breast uptake, emphasizing hyperprolactinemia and possible estrogen contribution, and review mechanisms behind diffuse pulmonary gallium uptake in intravenous drug abusers. The text also summarizes diagnostic specificity for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and highlights other infectious, inflammatory, drug-related, and nonspecific etiologies affecting chest uptake, with timing details referenced in figure captions.","# References\n\n1.Vazquez R,Oates E,Sarno RC,FayJ,Gale DR.Gallium-  \n67 breast uptake in a patient with hypothalamic granu-  \nloma(sarcoid).J Nucl Med 1988;29:118-121.  \nIzzie BoxenUniversity of TorontoPrincess Margaret HospitalToronto,Ontario,Canada  \nREPLY:Dr.Boxen's case and illustrations are interesting.The common causes of symmetric breast uptake fall into threegroups:hyperprolactinemia(normal physiologic,drug-in-duced,renal failure),mammary duct hyperplasia(estrogentherapy,estrogen-containing oral contraceptives),and gyne-comastia(idiopathic,orchiectomy)(1).We felt that the breastactivity in our case was most likely related to the knownelevated prolactin level although certainly estrogen may havecontributed to the finding as well.  \n# Reference\n\n1.Chandramouly BS,Tiu S,Castronuovo JJ.Uptake ofgallium in the breasts.Semin Nucl Med 1984;14:50-51.  \nElizabeth Oates  \nNew England Medical Center HospitalsTufts,UniversityBoston,Massachusetts  \nREPLY:O'Connor et al.have described another cause ofpulmonary gallium uptake which may occur in intravenousdrug abusers,a population which is at risk for AIDS and,therefore,frequently undergoes gallium scanning.Althoughthe specificity in the AIDS patient ofdiffuse pulmonary uptakeof gallium for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has beenreported to range from 74%(1)to 90%(2)depending uponthe interpretation criteria applied,this high specificity in partis due to the high prevalence of PCP in the AIDS population  \nFIGURE 1  \nAnterior view of chest 48 hr afterintravenous gallium-67.  \n(3).Other causes of infection,particularly CMV,and inflam-mation,including drug reactions and unexplained nonspecificinflammation,also occur in the AIDS population and havebeen associated with diffusely increased pulmonary uptake ofGallium(2,4,5).Pulmonary talc granulomatosis may be a lesscommon cause of respiratory symptoms in the AIDS popu-lation but it is useful to be reminded of this possibility.  \n# References\n\n1.Barron TF,Birnbaum NS,Shane LB,Goldsmith SJ,Rosen MJ.Pneumocytis cartinii pneumonia studied bygallium-67 scanning.Radiology 1985;154:791-793.  \n2.Coleman DL,Hattner RS,Luce JM,Dodek PM,GoldenJA,Murray JF.Correlation between gallium lung scansand fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with suspectedPneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired im-munodeficiency syndrome.Am Rev Respir Dis 1984;130:1166-1169.  \n3.Update:acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-UnitedStates.Morbid Mortal Week Rep 1986;35:17-21.  \n4.Kramer EL,Sanger JJ,Garay SM,et al.Gallium-67 scansof the chest in patients with acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome.J Nucl Med 1987;28:1107-1114.  \n5.Woolfenden JM,Carrasquillo JA,Larson SM,et al.Ac-quired immunodeficiency syndrome:Ga-67 citrate im-aging.Radiology 1987;162:383-387.  \nElissa L.Kramer  \nNYU Medical Center  \nNew York,New York  \nGallium-67 Scans in AcquiredImmunodeficiency Syndrome  \nTO THE EDITOR:In a recent review,Kramer et al.pub-lished the results of gallium-67(⁶⁷Ga)scans of the chest in 71adult patients suspected of having acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome(AIDS),and who presented with fever and/or res-","cbCailbXaqSypbbP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailbXaqSypbbP","pdf",180918,1,"English","en",105,"# References\n## Letter replies\n### Breast uptake and hyperprolactinemia\n### Pulmonary uptake in AIDS populations\n### Differential diagnoses and timing after intravenous imaging","[{\"question\":\"What causes symmetric breast uptake discussed in the replies?\",\"answer\":\"The replies describe common causes as hyperprolactinemia, mammary duct hyperplasia from estrogen exposure, and gyne-comastia.\"},{\"question\":\"Why can diffuse pulmonary gallium uptake occur in intravenous drug abusers?\",\"answer\":\"Because intravenous drug abusers are at risk for AIDS and often undergo gallium scanning, diffuse pulmonary uptake can be associated with opportunistic infections and inflammatory conditions in that population.\"},{\"question\":\"Besides Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, what other conditions are linked to increased pulmonary gallium uptake?\",\"answer\":\"Other causes include infections such as CMV and inflammation, including drug reactions and unexplained nonspecific inflammation, with pulmonary talc granulomatosis noted as a less common possibility.\"}]","Gallium-67 Scans in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - 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