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A subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging study used visual paradigms to quantify effects, showing symptom reduction and increased visual cortex activation. Results suggest potential clinical value, while further research is required to confirm efficacy and clarify mechanisms.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-fmri-and-music-therapy-for-concussion-a-case-report/460850/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-fmri-and-music-therapy-for-concussion-a-case-report/460850.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Kyle","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What treatment approach was reported for the mTBI case?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The report describes music therapy delivered through passive listening to specific musical pieces.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was the effect of passive music therapy measured objectively?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with visual paradigms was used to quantitatively assess effects after passive music listening.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What changes were observed after music therapy in the case?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The patient experienced symptom relief and increased visual cortex activation, with improved subjective functional capacity and effects that lasted initially for 1–2 hours and increased over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},460850,1790848648,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":102,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Review began 11/10/2025  \nReview ended 12/04/2025  \nPublished 12/09/2025  \n© Copyright 2025  \nHillier et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited.  \nDOI: 10.7759/cureus.98823  \nOpen Access Case Report  \nFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Music Therapy for Concussion: A Case Report  \nTeresa Hillier 1, Jaclyn Thiessen 2, Jim Chesnutt 3, Jeffrey M. Pollock 2  \n1. Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, USA 2. Neuroradiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA 3. Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA  \nCorresponding author: Jeffrey M. Pollock, [jeffmpollock@gmail.com](jeffmpollock@gmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nEffective treatments for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are limited and are insufficient to address patient symptoms and recovery. We report a case of an mTBI patient with debilitating visual symptoms who experienced profound symptom relief and increased functional capacity after music therapy (MT) (passive listening to specific music pieces) . After other mTBI patients reported similar benefits, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study using visual paradigms to quantitatively measure the effects of this MT. MT reduced symptoms and increased visual cortex activation in the mTBI case. Our findings suggest that MT could have potential clinical effects for mTBI patients. More research is needed to establish the efficacy of this MT and identify the mechanisms by which this specific type of passive MT could be particularly therapeutic for mTBI patients.  \nCategories: Radiology, Trauma  \nKeywords: concussion, fmri, functional magnetic resonance imaging, mild traumatic brain injury, music therapy  \nIntroduction  \nTraumatic brain injury (TBI) causes physical, cognitive, and functional impairment in more than 2.5 million Americans [1] . Most TBI cases are defined as mild (mTBI), yet mTBI can have severe functional impacts and persistent sequelae [1,2] . Few known treatments improve mTBI symptoms: brief initial cognitive rest, graded sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise, cervical/vestibular rehabilitation, and addressing headache and sleep sequelae [3,4] . Effective therapies are thus critically needed to provide symptom relief and facilitate better recovery for those who sustain mTBIs.  \nMusic therapy (MT) is emerging as a promising treatment in acquired brain injury [5,6], particularly stroke [5] . MT is typically administered by certified professionals and can include the use of rhythm (e.g., for gait timing) and singing (e.g., for speech therapy) [5] . Passive listening to music is a form of MT that does not require a trained professional, is free and accessible to all, without adverse side effects, and has the potential to be tailored to specific clinical scenarios.  \nHere, we report a case of an mTBI patient who experienced symptom relief and subjective increased functional capacity after passive listening to specific musical pieces. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we objectively measured the effects of this passive MT.  \nCase Presentation  \nPatient characteristics  \nAn otherwise healthy 52-year-old female (T.H.) suffered her first mTBI after a motor vehicle accident. Symptoms included a new right occipital headache, poor binocular vision coordination, visual-spatial abnormalities, and executive processing fatigue exacerbated by visual tasks. Examination revealed impaired near-point convergence (18 cm), smooth pursuit, and saccades, and a right vertical hypertropia treated with prism reading glasses.  \nIn the first week post-mTBI, despite cognitive rest, she had increasing headache, worsening visual symptoms, and hyperacusis: music she had previously found relaxing exacerbated symptoms. On Day 5, she dis","cbCair8eXNyHrE5w","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCair8eXNyHrE5w","pdf",2219974,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Case Presentation\n## Patient characteristics\n## fMRI procedure","[{\"question\":\"What treatment approach was reported for the mTBI case?\",\"answer\":\"The report describes music therapy delivered through passive listening to specific musical pieces.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the effect of passive music therapy measured objectively?\",\"answer\":\"A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with visual paradigms was used to quantitatively assess effects after passive music listening.\"},{\"question\":\"What changes were observed after music therapy in the case?\",\"answer\":\"The patient experienced symptom relief and increased visual cortex activation, with improved subjective functional capacity and effects that lasted initially for 1–2 hours and increased over time.\"}]","Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Music Therapy for Concussion: A Case Report | PDF",1790759854,15]