[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-434206-105":59,"doc-detail-434206-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","frontier-and-inequality-analyses-of-the-global-burden-of-ectopic-pregnancy-insights-from-the-gbd-2021","Frontier and Inequality Analyses of the Global Burden of Ectopic Pregnancy: Insights from the GBD 2021","","Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a major global health concern linked to maternal mortality and impaired future fertility, with substantial socio-demographic inequities. This study refines EP’s global burden from 1990–2021 using Global Burden of Disease estimates, assessing incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs, alongside decomposition by ageing, population growth, and epidemiological change. Frontier and inequality methods quantify disparities across populations. Results show falling incidence but rising absolute DALYs, plus persistent severe inequities and greatest unmet improvement potential in sub-Saharan Africa.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/frontier-and-inequality-analyses-of-the-global-burden-of-ectopic-pregnancy-insights-from-the-gbd-2021/434206/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/frontier-and-inequality-analyses-of-the-global-burden-of-ectopic-pregnancy-insights-from-the-gbd-2021/434206.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jacob","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main objective of this study on ectopic pregnancy?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To refine assessment of the global impact of ectopic pregnancy and quantify associated inequalities, using GBD data from 1990 to 2021.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which indicators were analyzed in the Methods section?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with decomposition evaluating roles of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological changes.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What key findings were reported from 1990 to 2021?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Global age-standardized incidence decreased, but absolute DALYs increased, with the highest burden shifting to the 20–24 age group; inequities narrowed in absolute terms yet remained severe.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},434206,1790879283,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962084931830,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","International Journal of Women’s Health  \nOpen Access Full Text Article ORIGINAL RESEARCH  \nFrontier and Inequality Analyses of the Global Burden of Ectopic Pregnancy: Insights from the GBD 2021  \nXiaowei Cao, Zhuying Yu, Shengsheng Wu  \nDepartment of Gynecology, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, 514031, People’s Republic of China Correspondence: Shengsheng Wu, Email [477703875@qq.com](477703875@qq.com)  \n\n| Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a significant global health concern and is associated with maternal mortality and compromised future fertility. This research aims to refine the assessment of EP’s global impact and its associated inequalities.\u003Cbr>Methods: EP’s incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed using the data from the Global Burden of Disease study from 1990 to 2021. Decomposition analysis was performed to examine the roles of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological changes. Novel frontier and health inequality analyses (Slope Index of Inequality, Concentration Index) were conducted to evaluate socio-demographic disparities.\u003Cbr>Results: From 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) decreased from 305.9 to 212.87 per 100,000 . However, absolute DALYs increased from 288,083 to 396,856, with the highest burden shifting to the 20–24 age group. Health inequality analysis revealed a significant but narrowing absolute disparity (SII: −56.68 to −36.56), while frontier analysis identified sub-Saharan African nations with the largest unmet potential for health improvement. Decomposition showed that population growth and epidemiological changes were primary drivers of rising DALYs.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: Declining EP incidence masks increasing absolute burden and persistent severe inequities. Our findings underscore an urgent public health imperative: to implement equity-focused interventions that enhance early diagnosis, safe management, and the preservation of fertility, particularly in low-resource settings.\u003Cbr>Plain Language Summary:\u003Cbr>EP has posed a considerable health challenge, especially in areas defined by low-and middle-income status. This study analyzes the GBD data from 1990 to 2021 to provide updated estimates related to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs associated with EP. Our comprehensive examination indicated a reduction in the occurrence of EP; however, there is an accompanying increase in the overall mortality and years lived with disability, underscoring persistent challenges in this domain. This work reveals significant health disparities across different regions globally and highlights the necessity for enhancing reproductive health services and implementing targeted interventions to improve outcomes for women impacted by EP worldwide.\u003Cbr>Keywords: disability-adjusted life years, ectopic pregnancy, global burden of disease, health inequality |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Ectopic pregnancy (EP) represents a significant concern in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology, characterized by the implantation of a developing blastocyst in a location outside the uterine cavity, most commonly within the fallopian tube.1 The underlying pathophysiology involves functional or anatomical impairment of fallopian tube transport, frequently linked to prior pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal surgery, or endometriosis, which can disrupt embryo migration and lead to ectopic implantation.2,3 It has been estimated that EP occurs in about 1–2% of all pregnancies all over the world.4 Although most EPs originate in the fallopian tubes, they can also be found at other sites such as the cervix, ovaries, abdominal cavity, and even at the site of old cesarean scars.5 The clinical presentation of EP can range |\n\nReceived: 10 September 2025  \nAccepted: 25 December 2025  \nPublished: 31 December 2025  \nInternational Journal of Women’s Health 2025:17 5807–5823 5807  \n© 2025 Cao et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove M","cbCailWzsg6lilzq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailWzsg6lilzq","pdf",4083418,17,"English","# Objective\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Plain Language Summary\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main objective of this study on ectopic pregnancy?\",\"answer\":\"To refine assessment of the global impact of ectopic pregnancy and quantify associated inequalities, using GBD data from 1990 to 2021.\"},{\"question\":\"Which indicators were analyzed in the Methods section?\",\"answer\":\"Incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with decomposition evaluating roles of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological changes.\"},{\"question\":\"What key findings were reported from 1990 to 2021?\",\"answer\":\"Global age-standardized incidence decreased, but absolute DALYs increased, with the highest burden shifting to the 20–24 age group; inequities narrowed in absolute terms yet remained severe.\"}]","Frontier and Inequality Analyses of the Global Burden of Ectopic Pregnancy: Insights from the GBD 2021 | PDF",1790667778,43]