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This review frames breast cancer as a major global health challenge and presents BAK as a bioactive compound able to modulate pathways involved in tumor development and progression. A structured literature search summarized studies of BAK’s molecular activity, pharmacological profile, and effects on breast cancer cells and stem cells, showing impacts on oxidative stress regulation, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, estrogen receptor signaling, and multiple signaling cascades. In models, BAK behaves as a selective phytoestrogen, induces S-phase arrest, activates the ATM/ATR–Chk1/Chk2 axis, and promotes mitochondrial apoptosis, especially in ERα-positive cells.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/from-phytochemistry-to-oncology-the-role-of-bakuchiol-in-the-treatment-of-breast-cancer/352290/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/from-phytochemistry-to-oncology-the-role-of-bakuchiol-in-the-treatment-of-breast-cancer/352290.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is bakuchiol (BAK) and why is it relevant to breast cancer therapy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"BAK is a natural meroterpenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The review highlights its ability to modulate pathways linked to breast cancer development and progression.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which cellular processes and signaling pathways does BAK affect in breast cancer models?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review reports effects on oxidative stress regulation, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and estrogen receptor signaling, along with impacts on PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and EMT-related pathways.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence limitations does the review emphasize for clinical translation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Current evidence is predominantly in vitro. Limitations such as poor bioavailability and the lack of clinical validation are noted, indicating the need for further in vivo and translational studies.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},352290,1790193691,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Review  \nFrom Phytochemistry to Oncology: The Role of Bakuchiol in the Treatment of Breast Cancer  \nMagdalena Czarnecka-Czapczy ´nska 1, David Aebisher 2, *, Alina Pietryszyn-Bili ´nska 1, Magdalena Mo´s 3, Sara Czech 4, Jakub Szpara 4, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher 5 and Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka 1, *  \nAcademic Editor: Piwen Wang  \nReceived: 7 December 2025  \nRevised: 31 December 2025  \nAccepted: 2 January 2026  \nPublished: 6 January 2026  \nCopyright: © 2026 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; [magdalena.czarnecka921114@gmail.com](magdalena.czarnecka921114@gmail.com) (M.C.-C.); [a.pietryszynbilinska@gmail.com](a.pietryszynbilinska@gmail.com) (A.P.-B.)  \n2 Departement of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland  \n3 Specialist Hospital No. 2, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnosis and Therapy, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; [magdamos01@interia.pl](magdamos01@interia.pl)  \n[4](4 English Division Science Club)[ English Division Science Club](4 English Division Science Club), [Collegium Medicum](Collegium Medicum), [Faculty of Medicine](Faculty of Medicine), [35-310 Rzesz](35-310 Rzesz)ó[w](w), [Poland](Poland); [sc126240@stud.ur.edu.pl](sc126240@stud.ur.edu.pl) (S.C.); [js126214@stud.ur.edu.pl](js126214@stud.ur.edu.pl) (J.S.)  \n5 Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; [dbartusikaebisher@ur.edu.pl](dbartusikaebisher@ur.edu.pl)  \n* Correspondence: [daebisher@ur.edu.pl](daebisher@ur.edu.pl) (D.A.); [akawczyk@gmail.com](akawczyk@gmail.com) (A.K.-K.)  \nAbstract  \nBakuchiol (BAK), a natural meroterpenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, has recently gained attention as a potential adjunct in breast cancer therapy. This review contextualizes breast cancer as a major global health challenge and highlights BAK as a bioactive compound capable of modulating pathways relevant to tumor development and progression. A structured literature search identified studies examining its molecular activity, pharmacological profile, and effects on breast cancer cells and stem cells. Results show that BAK influences oxidative stress regulation, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and estrogen receptor signaling while also affecting PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and EMT-related pathways. In breast cancer models, BAK acts as a selective phytoestrogen, induces S-phase arrest, activates the ATM/ATR–Chk1/Chk2 axis, and triggers mitochondrial apoptosis, particularly in ERα-positive cells. It also suppresses breast cancer stem-cell renewal, promotes BNIP3-and DAPK2-mediated apoptosis, reduces metabolic and transcriptional drivers of metastasis, and shows enhanced anticancer activity in derivative forms. These findings suggest that BAK may provide therapeutic benefit across several mechanisms central to breast cancer biology. In this review, the inclusion criteria encompassed publications describing the action of bakuchiol, its chemical and pharmacological properties, as well as its role in the treatment of various conditions, including cancers. Exclusion criteria included works not related to BAK or its therapeutic use in breast cancer, as well as publications that did not meet basic scientific standards, such as lacking methodological rigor or presenting a low level of scientific evidence. However, current evidence is predominantly in vitro, and limitations such as poor bioavailability and lack of clinical validation underscore the need for further in vivo and translational studies befor","cbCaiaLdsZC5516Z","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaLdsZC5516Z","pdf",962110,18,"English","# Introduction\n## 1.1. Epidemiology\n## General characterization of bakuchiol (BAK)\n# Review scope and evidence synthesis\n## Inclusion and exclusion criteria\n## Key molecular pathways and cellular outcomes","[{\"question\":\"What is bakuchiol (BAK) and why is it relevant to breast cancer therapy?\",\"answer\":\"BAK is a natural meroterpenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The review highlights its ability to modulate pathways linked to breast cancer development and progression.\"},{\"question\":\"Which cellular processes and signaling pathways does BAK affect in breast cancer models?\",\"answer\":\"The review reports effects on oxidative stress regulation, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and estrogen receptor signaling, along with impacts on PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and EMT-related pathways.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence limitations does the review emphasize for clinical translation?\",\"answer\":\"Current evidence is predominantly in vitro. Limitations such as poor bioavailability and the lack of clinical validation are noted, indicating the need for further in vivo and translational studies.\"}]","From Phytochemistry to Oncology - The Role of Bakuchiol in the Treatment of Breast Cancer | PDF",1790098768,45]