[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40615-en":3,"doc-seo-40615-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},40615,1374391975076,"Riley","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051",8,"Research & Report","From Complexity to Life: On the Emergence of Life and Meaning","Edited volume From Complexity to Life: On the Emergence of Life and Meaning examines how complexity research, information theory, and design concepts illuminate the emergence of life and human meaning. Contributors trace ideas from randomness and mathematical proof, through defining complexity in physics, to information concepts applied in biology. Essays also address autonomous agents, time’s arrow, evolutionary computation and specified complexity, thermodynamic laws, and philosophical or religious perspectives on transcendence, divine creativity, and self-organization.","From Complexity to Life: On the Emergence of Life and Meaning  \nNiels Henrik Gregersen, Editor  \nOXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS  \nFrom Complexity to Life  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nFROM COMPLEXITY  \nTO LIFE  \nOn the Emergence of Life and Meaning  \nEdited by Niels Henrik Gregersen  \n1  \n3  \nOxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai  \nDar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi São Paolo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto  \nCopyright © 2003 by Oxford University Press, Inc.  \nPublished by Oxford University Press, Inc.  \n198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 [www.oup.com](www.oup.com)  \nOxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nFrom complexity to life : on the emergence of life and meaning / edited by Niels Henrik Gregersen.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 0-19-515070-8  \n1. Religion and science—Congresses. 2. Complexity (Philosophy)—Congresses.  \nI. Gregersen, Niels Henrik, 1956–  \nBL240 .3 .F76 2002  \n501—dc21 2001052389  \n2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1  \nPrinted in the United States of America  \non acid free paper  \nacknowledgments  \nThis volume of essays came out ofa research symposium,“Complexity, Information, and Design: A Critical Appraisal,” held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, on October 14–16, 1999. Led by the physicist Paul Davies, 10 mathematicians, physicists, theoretical biologists, and theologians met under the aegis of the John Templeton Foundation in order to explore the broader issues raised by information theory and complexity studies, in particular their impact on our worldview and sense of meaning.  \nWe wish to thank the John Templeton Foundation for its sustained interest in the field of complexity research, an interest also marked by the presence of Sir John Templeton and the executive director of the Foundation, Dr. Charles L. Harper, at the Santa Fe symposium. We owe a special thanks to senior fellow Dr. Mary Ann Meyers, who coorganized the symposium and helped the editorial process with her characteristic blend of efficiency and humor.  \nWhile acknowledging that we are only beginning to understand, we hope that we have been able to summarize some key elements in recent research and to provide a road map for future investigations into metaphysical questions related to complexity studies.  \nChapter 2, Gregory J. Chaitin,“Randomness and Mathematical Proof,” originally apeared in Scientific American 232 (May 1975): 47– 52. Chapter 3, Charles Bennett,“How to Define Complexity in Physics and Why,” originally appeared in SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, vol. 8, ed. W. H. Zurek (Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley, 1990):  \nvi acknowledgments  \n137–148. Chapter 4, Stuart Kauffman,“The Emergence of Autonomous Agents,” originally appeared as chapter 1 in Kauffman, Investigations (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), and has been slightly abbreviated and modified.  \nAarhus, Denmark  \nJune 16, 2001 N. H. G.  \ncontents  \nContributors ix  \n1. Introduction: Toward an Emergentist Worldview 3 Paul Davies  \nPART I DEFINING COMPLEXITY  \n2. Randomness and Mathematical Proof 19 Gregory J. Chaitin  \n3. How to Define Complexity in Physics, and Why 34 Charles H. Bennett  \nPART II THE CONCEPT OF INFORMATION  \nIN PHYSICS AND BIOLOGY  \n4. The Emergence of Autonomous Agents 47 Stuart Kauffman  \n5. Complexity and the Arrow of Time 72 Paul Davies  \n6. Can Evolutionary Algorithms Generate Specified Complexity? 93  \nWilliam A. Dembski  \n7. The Second Law of Gravitics and the Fourth  \nLaw of Thermodynamics 114  \nIan Stewart  \n8. Two Arrows from a Mighty Bow 151  \nWerner R. Loewen","cbCailihNLYi85sE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailihNLYi85sE","pdf",1966182,4,1,256,"English","en",105,"# Acknowledgments\n# Contents\n## Introduction: Toward an Emergentist Worldview\n## Defining Complexity\n## The Concept of Information in Physics and Biology\n## Philosophical and Religious Perspectives\n## Contributors","[{\"question\":\"What research symposium and context does the acknowledgments section describe?\",\"answer\":\"The acknowledgments note a research symposium titled “Complexity, Information, and Design: A Critical Appraisal,” held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, on October 14–16, 1999.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the book organized in terms of major themes?\",\"answer\":\"The contents divide the volume into sections on defining complexity, the concept of information in physics and biology, and philosophical and religious perspectives, preceded by an introduction.\"},{\"question\":\"Which topics are covered under defining complexity and information concepts?\",\"answer\":\"Defining complexity includes randomness and mathematical proof and approaches to defining complexity in physics. Information-focused chapters include autonomous agents, complexity with the arrow of time, evolutionary algorithms generating specified complexity, and thermodynamics-related discussions.\"}]",1783313415,645,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"from-complexity-to-life-on-the-emergence-of-life-and-meaning","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/from-complexity-to-life-on-the-emergence-of-life-and-meaning/40615/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-11","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What research symposium and context does the acknowledgments section describe?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The acknowledgments note a research symposium titled “Complexity, Information, and Design: A Critical Appraisal,” held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, on October 14–16, 1999.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How is the book organized in terms of major themes?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The contents divide the volume into sections on defining complexity, the concept of information in physics and biology, and philosophical and religious perspectives, preceded by an introduction.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which topics are covered under defining complexity and information concepts?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Defining complexity includes randomness and mathematical proof and approaches to defining complexity in physics. 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