[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-437558-105":59,"doc-detail-437558-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","from-bugs-to-bots-learning-infectious-diseases-in-the-ai-era-letter-to-the-editor","From bugs to bots: learning infectious diseases in the AI era - Letter to the Editor","","Letter to the Editor describes how large language models and conversational chatbots can support infectious disease education and board preparation. The author explains that although most LLM medical research emphasizes question answering, summarization and study support can be more practical. Using spaced repetition, the author generated personalized flashcards by copying guideline sections into ChatGPT, building a deck for efficient review while maintaining guideline accuracy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/from-bugs-to-bots-learning-infectious-diseases-in-the-ai-era-letter-to-the-editor/437558/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/from-bugs-to-bots-learning-infectious-diseases-in-the-ai-era-letter-to-the-editor/437558.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jasmine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What learning challenge does the letter address in the AI era?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The letter highlights that the growing accessibility and volume of information can exceed what learners can realistically review, especially when medical guidelines and research update faster than other sources.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the author use ChatGPT to prepare for infectious diseases boards?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The author uses ChatGPT to convert guideline sections or topics into flashcards, then personalizes the cards for spaced repetition software and reviews for accuracy.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the author argue that LLMs can be more useful than expected in medicine?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The author notes that many studies focus on question answering, while summarization and data-to-study transformation are where LLMs can directly help clinicians and learners build effective materials.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},437558,1790915098,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},2336478487870,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology (2026), 6, e3, 1–2 doi:10.1017/ash.2025.10257  \nLetter to the Editor  \nFrom bugs to bots: learning infectious diseases in the AI era  \nGuillermo Rodriguez-Nava1,2   \n1Department of Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA and 2Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA  \nDear Editor,  \nAs a millennial, I have experienced the shift from an analog world to a digital universe. This transition has shaped many parts of my life, including my education. My journey in education began with government-issued textbooks during elementary school.1 It continued through the explosion of the internet and the World Wide Web, which fueled the rapid evolution of digital reference tools, such as encyclopedia Encarta and later Wikipedia. As digital connections grew faster, new tools emerged in the palm of my hand through smartphones; from digital books to podcasts and YouTube videos. However, as these learning resources become increasingly accessible, the sheer volume of information often exceeds what one can reasonably review or study. Furthermore, the more specialized a medical field becomes, the more clinicians must rely on lengthy guidelines, reviews, and research papers, many of which are updated far more rapidly than other sources. Now, a new tool has captured my attention and addresses this challenge. It even helped me prepare more efficiently for my Infectious Diseases board examination: large language models (LLMs) .  \nLLMs deployed as conversational chatbot tools, such as ChatGPT, have captivated the world, including the medical community. They have demonstrated strong performance on standardized tests, the ability to generate humanlike responses, and empathetic communication.2 This has led to the anthropomorphization of chatbot tools, overshadowing tasks that LLMs truly excel at, such as data summarization, in the push to replicate human clinical reasoning. In fact, up to 82% of recent studies on LLMs in medicine have focused on questionanswering, whereas only about 9% have examined summarization tasks.3  \nSpaced repetition is a learning method that improves long-term retention by reviewing material at intervals set by a spacing algorithm.4 This is a technique I began using effectively while preparing for the United States Medical Licensing Examination, and its effectiveness is well documented.5 When I began preparing for the Infectious Diseases boards, I struggled to decide what to study. The George Washington University Infectious Disease Board Review Course™ gave me a framework; however, when I needed to review primary sources, particularly guidelines, it was not practical to study fifty-page documents effectively. Then it clicked for me: I could use a chatbot LLM, specifically ChatGPT, to create flashcards for my spaced repetition software. Creating the flashcards was as simple as copying and pasting guideline sections or topics into ChatGPT and then personalizing the cards as needed. Table 1 provides a sample of these flashcards, illustrating how ChatGPT can convert guideline content into effective study tools.6  \nUp until a month before the examination, I had built a deck of roughly 2,000 flashcards. This approach, combined with reviewing source material to ensure accuracy and using other study methods, made the process far more enjoyable. Of course, a single experience is unlikely to convince an evidence-based community of this strategy’s efficacy. However, my experience may encourage a formal evaluation of this approach or inspire future fellows to explore new strategies for board preparation. It may also help new infection preventionists learn the complex National Healthcare Safety Network healthcare-associated infection definitions, or support junior pharmacists in mastering antiretroviral drug interactions. One thing is certain: LLMs represent the next step in technological development. Those who do not ","cbCainB3Wxg4lIFB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainB3Wxg4lIFB","pdf",99074,"English","# Letter to the Editor\n## From analog learning to AI-era tools\n## LLM strengths beyond question answering\n## Spaced repetition and flashcard generation","[{\"question\":\"What learning challenge does the letter address in the AI era?\",\"answer\":\"The letter highlights that the growing accessibility and volume of information can exceed what learners can realistically review, especially when medical guidelines and research update faster than other sources.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the author use ChatGPT to prepare for infectious diseases boards?\",\"answer\":\"The author uses ChatGPT to convert guideline sections or topics into flashcards, then personalizes the cards for spaced repetition software and reviews for accuracy.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the author argue that LLMs can be more useful than expected in medicine?\",\"answer\":\"The author notes that many studies focus on question answering, while summarization and data-to-study transformation are where LLMs can directly help clinicians and learners build effective materials.\"}]","From bugs to bots: learning infectious diseases in the AI era - Letter to the Editor | PDF",1790682373]