[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-455518-105":59,"doc-detail-455518-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","from-age-to-frailty-redefining-chronic-pain-characterization","From age to frailty - redefining chronic pain characterization","","Chronic pain in older adults is highly prevalent, multifactorial, and often linked to greater intensity, multisite involvement, and impaired function, yet it is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated. Chronological age alone poorly reflects biological vulnerability and individual differences in pain expression. This study evaluates how frailty, as an indirect marker of biological age, and chronological age relate to chronic pain characteristics.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/from-age-to-frailty-redefining-chronic-pain-characterization/455518/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/from-age-to-frailty-redefining-chronic-pain-characterization/455518.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eliana","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is chronological age insufficient for characterizing chronic pain in older adults?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Chronological age alone does not adequately capture biological vulnerability or individual variability in pain expression.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was frailty measured in this study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Frailty was quantified using a 31-item Frailty Index based on the deficit accumulation model.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did frailty and chronological age each predict about chronic pain characteristics?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Most pain characteristics were more consistently associated with frailty than with chronological age, while chronological age primarily predicted temporal aspects such as pain duration, diagnostic delay, and time to first analgesic prescription.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},455518,1790790666,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},4398048949847,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002536579ef2da7f?_k=1778318612642679267","Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (2026) 38:25  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-025-03273-4](https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-025-03273-4)  \nRESEARCH  \nFrom age to frailty: redefining chronic pain characterization  \nPablo Mourelle-Sanmartín1 · Laura Lorenzo-López2 · José Carlos Millán-Calenti2 · Melissa Kathryn Andrew3 · Olga Theou3,4  \nReceived: 9 July 2025 / Revised: 15 October 2025 / Accepted: 17 November 2025 © The Author(s) 2025  \nAbstract  \nBackground Chronic pain in older adults is highly prevalent, multifactorial, and often associated with greater intensity, multisite involvement, and functional impairment. Despite its burden, it remains frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated. Chronological age alone does not adequately capture biological vulnerability or interindividual variability in pain expression. Aims To examine the associations of frailty, an indirect marker of biological age, and chronological age with chronic pain characteristics.  \nMethods We conducted a cross-sectional study including 455 adults (≥18 years) recruited from primary care. Thirty-three pain characteristics were assessed through structured interviews. Frailty was quantified using a 31-item Frailty Index based on the deficit accumulation model. Associations of frailty, chronological age, and sex with each pain variable were analyzed using multivariable linear and logistic regression models.  \nResults Most pain characteristics were more consistently associated with frailty than with chronological age, although effect sizes were modest (sr2 typically 1–5%) . Frailty correlated with greater pain intensity (sr 0 .23, r2 5.3%), higher frequency (sr 0. 10, r2 1. 1%), and continuous or mixed-type pain (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0 .95–0.99) . In contrast, chronological age primarily predicted temporal aspects, including pain duration, diagnostic delay, and time to first analgesic prescription. Age and frailty showed opposite directions of association for certain domains, such as accompanying symptoms and daily pain duration. Conclusion Frailty provides complementary information to chronological age in characterizing chronic pain. Integrating frailty assessment into routine pain evaluation may enable more individualized management, enhance pain control, and reduce age-related disparities in clinical care.  \nKey points  \n● Frailty, as a proxy for biological age, showed more consistent associations than chronological age with several chronic pain characteristics, including intensity, mixed-type pain, continuous course, and accompanying symptoms.  \n● Integrating frailty assessment into pain evaluation offers a biologically grounded and individualized framework, particularly relevant for aging populations.  \nKeywords Frailty · Biological age · Chronic pain · Pain characteristics · Pain assessment  \n􀀍  \n1  \n2  \n3  \n4  \nPablo Mourelle-Sanmartín [pablo.mourelle@udc.es](pablo.mourelle@udc.es)  \nGeriatris Department, University Hospital Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Galicia, Spain  \nGerontology and Geriatrics Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica deA Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario deA Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, A Coruña, Spain  \nDepartment of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada  \nSchool of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada  \nIntroduction  \nChronic pain, as defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), is pain persisting for ≥3 months and recurring on at least three days per week [1] . It is a complex, multifactorial condition encompassing physical, psychological, and social dimensions. In older adults, it often presents as mixed-type pain with a marked tendency toward chronicity [2–4] . Chronic pain exerts bidirectional effects on health, being associated with greater comorbidity burden, functional and cognitive decline, depression, sleep  \n1 3  \ndisturbances, reduced social participation, and poorer quality of life [2, 5] . These consequences are amplif","cbCaiuONjtP8k5z5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuONjtP8k5z5","pdf",1834538,13,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Aims\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Key points\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is chronological age insufficient for characterizing chronic pain in older adults?\",\"answer\":\"Chronological age alone does not adequately capture biological vulnerability or individual variability in pain expression.\"},{\"question\":\"How was frailty measured in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Frailty was quantified using a 31-item Frailty Index based on the deficit accumulation model.\"},{\"question\":\"What did frailty and chronological age each predict about chronic pain characteristics?\",\"answer\":\"Most pain characteristics were more consistently associated with frailty than with chronological age, while chronological age primarily predicted temporal aspects such as pain duration, diagnostic delay, and time to first analgesic prescription.\"}]","From age to frailty - redefining chronic pain characterization | PDF",1790743306,33]