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It argues that public debate in the 1980s helped awaken civil society and, within higher education, fueled demands for a new comprehensive development strategy. Drawing on archival material and discussion, the study identifies the key innovation as a gradual conceptual and then normative shift from a national university to a national higher education system.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/from-a-national-university-to-a-national-higher-education-system/598243/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/from-a-national-university-to-a-national-higher-education-system/598243.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mafia Boss","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What period and political context does the article focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It focuses on the 1980s through the early 1990s in Slovenia, when major social and political changes led to the proclamation of the independent Republic of Slovenia in 1991.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the article identify as the most important innovation of the period?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The most important innovation is a gradual conceptual shift and then a normative shift from a national university to a national higher education system.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What sources are used to support the analysis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The analysis is based on various sources, including published materials and archival material; it also draws on the author’s own memories and old notes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},598243,1792170762,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31,"preview_page_count":4},962090760730,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","doi: 10.26529/cepsj.1064  \nFrom a National University to a National Higher Education System  \nPavel Zgaga1  \n• The article analyses the conceptualisations and gradual transformation of higher education in Slovenia from the 1980s to the early 1990s, i.e., during the period of profound social and political changes leading to the proclamation of the independent Republic of Slovenia in 1991. The broad public debate on the future of education in general was an important part of the awakening of civil society in the 1980s. In the specific field of higher education, intensive discussions led to the demand fora new and comprehensive development strategy. Given the profound transformation of higher education that took place during this period, this subject has been unjustifiably poorly researched. The article therefore tries to contribute to partially filling the gap, and at the same time to stimulating further research. Based on the study of archive material, the present analysis concludes that the most important innovation of this period can be defined as a gradual conceptual and then normative shift from a national university to a national higher education system.  \nKeywords: higher education system, history, Slovenia, transition, university  \n1 Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; [Pavel.Zgaga@guest.arnes.si](Pavel.Zgaga@guest.arnes.si).  \nOd nacionalne univerze do nacionalnega visokošolskega sistema  \nPavel Zgaga  \n• Članek analizira konceptualizacije in postopno preobrazbo visokega šolstva v Sloveniji od osemdesetih do začetka devetdesetih let, torej vobdobju globokih družbenih in političnih sprememb, ki so leta 1991 pripeljale do razglasitve samostojne Republike Slovenije. Široka javna razprava o prihodnosti izobraževanja je bila v osemdesetih letih pomemben del prebujanja civilne družbe. Na specifičnem področju visokega šolstva so intenzivne razprave pripeljale do potrebe po novi in celoviti razvojni strategiji. Če upoštevamo, da je prišlo v tem obdobju do temeljite preobrazbe visokega šolstva, je bila ta tema do zdaj neupravičeno slabo raziskana. Članek zato skuša prispevati k delnemu zapolnjevanjuvrzeli in hkrati spodbuditi nadaljnje raziskave. Na podlagi preučevanja arhivskega gradiva ta analiza ugotavlja, da je najpomembnejšo novost tega obdobja mogoče opredeliti kot postopen konceptualni in nato normativni prehod z nacionalne univerze na nacionalni visokošolski sistem.  \nKljučne besede: Slovenija, tranzicija, univerza, visokošolski sistem, zgodovina  \nA brief history of higher education in Slovenia and the situation in the 1980s  \nIn 1919, Slovenia gained its first university, the University of Ljubljana, and in 1975 the second one, the University of Maribor, began to emerge. However, only after 1990 can one speak of the creation of a higher education (HE) system with several institutions. The conceptual conditions for this shift are related to the discussions of the 1980s. Given the profound changes that took place in HE during the period of so-called political transition, this subject has been unjustifiably poorly researched. The present article is therefore intended to partially fill the gap and to stimulate further research. The analysis is based on various sources, both published and accessible archival material. As a participant in these processes, I have also drawn on my own memories and old notes. Since this period of time is already halfa century away, the contemporary reader, especially the foreign reader, requires an insight into the wider context.2 This remains somewhat incomplete within the limited scope of this article, but it is supplemented by references to historians and by footnotes.  \nSlovenia only gained its second university in 1975. At least until then, the word university was used as a singular noun in everyday language,3 i.e., the University of Ljubljana. The latter was founded in the newly established Kingdom of Yugoslavia in a ground-breaking period after the end of WWI (1919),","cbCaimhX3ugZjC8q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimhX3ugZjC8q","pdf",165463,"English","# Conceptual transformation in Slovenia (1980s to early 1990s)\n## Public debate and demands for a new development strategy\n# Background: higher education development and the 1980s context\n## First and second universities (1919, 1975)\n## From single university usage to a multi-institution HE system","[{\"question\":\"What period and political context does the article focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on the 1980s through the early 1990s in Slovenia, when major social and political changes led to the proclamation of the independent Republic of Slovenia in 1991.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the article identify as the most important innovation of the period?\",\"answer\":\"The most important innovation is a gradual conceptual shift and then a normative shift from a national university to a national higher education system.\"},{\"question\":\"What sources are used to support the analysis?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis is based on various sources, including published materials and archival material; it also draws on the author’s own memories and old notes.\"}]","From a National University to a National Higher Education System | PDF",1792086558]