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Prompts require time and velocity measurement design, identification of measurement uncertainty impact on calculated cart mass, and use of provided data graphs and explicit principles. Additional tasks ask how to modify an experiment to test whether initial conditions change the fraction of mechanical energy dissipated, specifying equations without performing full algebra.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/free-response-questions-part-1/314948/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/free-response-questions-part-1/314948.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Patrick","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do the tubes show high-frequency resonances but not low-frequency resonances where both resonate?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The behavior follows standing-wave conditions determined by the tubes’ boundary conditions (open/closed ends) and the allowed wavelengths that produce resonance in each tube. When the frequency is low, the corresponding wavelengths cannot satisfy both tubes’ standing-wave requirements simultaneously.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How should the experiment be designed to measure velocities of the carts before and after a collision?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Use a setup that tracks the carts’ motion along the track with a suitable timing/position-measurement method (and any needed markers or sensors). Record position versus time to determine velocities before collision and then after the carts stick together, including a labeled diagram and clear measurement steps.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How can the experiment be modified to investigate whether initial physical quantities affect the fraction of mechanical energy dissipated?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Change the initial conditions (such as the initial speed of cart A or other controllable starting parameters) while keeping the collision setup consistent. For each trial, calculate initial and final kinetic energies using the same equations, then determine the fraction of mechanical energy dissipated and compare across different initial 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points.Questions 2 and 3 are long free-response questions that require about 25 minutes each to answer and areworth 12 points each.Show your work for each part in the space provided afterthat part.  \n## Front of Speaker\n\n1.The figure above shows two tubes that are identical except for their slightlydifferent lengths.Both tubes have one open end and one closed end.Aspeaker connected to a variable frequency generator is placed in frontof the tubes,as shown.The speaker is set to produce a note of very lowfrequency and then turned on.The frequency is then slowly increased toproduce resonances in the tubes.Students observe that at first only one ofthe tubes resonates at a time.Later,as the frequency gets very high,thereare times when both tubes resonate.  \nIn a clear,coherent,paragraph-length answer,explain why there are somehigh frequencies,but no low frequencies,at which both tubes resonate.You may include diagrams and/or equations as part of your explanation.  \n\n| Essential Knowledge   | 6.D.3:Standing waves are the result of the addition of incident  \u003Cbr>and reflected waves that are confined to a region and have nodes  \u003Cbr>and antinodes.Examples should include waves on a fixed length  \u003Cbr>of string,and sound waves in both closed and open tubes.   |\n| --- | --- |\n|  | 6.D.4:The possible wavelengths of a standing wave are  \u003Cbr>determined by the size of the region to which it is confined.   |\n| Learning Objectives   | 6.D.3.2:The student is able to predict properties of standing  \u003Cbr>waves that result from the addition of incident and reflected  \u003Cbr>waves that are confined to a region and have nodes and antinodes.   |\n|  | 6.D.3.4:The student is able to describe representations and  \u003Cbr>models of situations in which standing waves result from the  \u003Cbr>addilion of incident and reflected waves confined to a region.   |\n|  | 6.D.4.1:The student is able to challenge with evidence the claim  \u003Cbr>that the wavelengths of standing waves are determined by the  \u003Cbr>frequency of the source regardless of the size of the region.   |\n| Science Practices   | 1.2:The student can describe representations and models of  \u003Cbr>natural or man-made phenomena and systems in the domain.   |\n|  | 6.1:The student can justify claims with evidence.   |\n|  | 6.4:The student can make claims and predictions about natural  \u003Cbr>phenomena based on scientific theories and models.   |\n\nAP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2 Course and Exam Description  \n2.A group of students has two carts,A and B,with wheels that turn withnegligible friction.The carts can travel along a straight horizontaltrack.Cart A has known mass m.The students are asked to use a one-dimensional collision between the carts to determine the mass of cart B.Before the collision,cart A travels to the right and cart B is initially at rest,as shown above.After the collision,the carts stick together.  \n(a)  Describe an experimental procedure to determine the velocities ofthe carts before and after a collision,including all the additionalequipment you would need.You may include a labeled diagram ofyour setup to help in your description.Indicate what measurementsyou would take and how you would take them.Include enoughdetail so that another student could carry out your procedure.(b)There will be sources of error in the measurements taken inthe experiment,both before and after the collision.For yourexperimental procedure,will the uncertainty in the calculatedvalue of the mass of cart Bbe affected more by the error in themeasurements taken before the collision or by those taken after thecollision,or will it be equally affected by both sets of measurements?Justify your answer.  \nA group of students took measurements for one collision.A graph of thestudents'data is shown below.  \nPosition (m)  \nTime(s)  \nSample Questions for the AP Physics 1 Exam  \n(c)Given mᴀ=0.50kg,use the graph to","cbCaigkUTGD8fDlb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigkUTGD8fDlb","pdf",1327324,"English","# Free-Response Questions\n## Front of Speaker\n## Sample Questions for the AP Physics 1 Exam\n### Collision Procedure and Uncertainty\n### Graph-Based Mass Calculation\n### Modify Experiment for Energy Dissipation","[{\"question\":\"Why do the tubes show high-frequency resonances but not low-frequency resonances where both resonate?\",\"answer\":\"The behavior follows standing-wave conditions determined by the tubes’ boundary conditions (open/closed ends) and the allowed wavelengths that produce resonance in each tube. When the frequency is low, the corresponding wavelengths cannot satisfy both tubes’ standing-wave requirements simultaneously.\"},{\"question\":\"How should the experiment be designed to measure velocities of the carts before and after a collision?\",\"answer\":\"Use a setup that tracks the carts’ motion along the track with a suitable timing/position-measurement method (and any needed markers or sensors). Record position versus time to determine velocities before collision and then after the carts stick together, including a labeled diagram and clear measurement steps.\"},{\"question\":\"How can the experiment be modified to investigate whether initial physical quantities affect the fraction of mechanical energy dissipated?\",\"answer\":\"Change the initial conditions (such as the initial speed of cart A or other controllable starting parameters) while keeping the collision setup consistent. For each trial, calculate initial and final kinetic energies using the same equations, then determine the fraction of mechanical energy dissipated and compare across different initial values.\"}]","Free-Response Questions - Part 1 | PDF",1789902220,13]