[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-327788-105":59,"doc-detail-327788-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","fosl1s-oncogene-roles-in-glioma-a-comprehensive-review","FOSL1’s Oncogene Roles in Glioma - A Comprehensive Review","","Review examines the oncoprotein FOSL1 within the dimeric AP-1 transcription factor and its control over invasion and metastatic dissemination, positioning FOSL1 as a potential therapeutic target. It summarizes regulatory mechanisms spanning transcriptional and post-translational regulation, highlighting microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs that modulate FOSL1 mRNA. The analysis covers FOSL1 roles in apoptosis, proliferation, migration, cytokine coordination (TGF-beta, IL-6, VEGF) in tumor-associated macrophages, and predictive value. It also addresses emerging links to resistance and dependence on treatments, noting no approved AP-1 or FOSL1-targeting drugs yet.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/fosl1s-oncogene-roles-in-glioma-a-comprehensive-review/327788/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/fosl1s-oncogene-roles-in-glioma-a-comprehensive-review/327788.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ivy","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What role does FOSL1 play in glioma biology according to the review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"FOSL1 regulates invasion and metastatic dissemination through its function within the dimeric AP-1 transcription factor and influences tumor behaviors including apoptosis, proliferation, and migration.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do noncoding RNAs affect FOSL1 expression?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review explains that microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs can regulate FOSL1 expression by directly interacting with FOSL1 mRNA transcripts.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why is FOSL1 considered a potential therapeutic target, and what is the current drug status?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Targeting FOSL1 is described as having strong inhibitory effects on cancer formation and spread. 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FOSL1’s Oncogene Roles in Glioma/Glioma Stem Cells and Tumorigenesis: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5362 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105362](https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105362)  \nAcademic Editors: Maria Mesuraca and Maria Concetta Faniello  \nReceived: 4 March 2024  \nRevised: 10 May 2024  \nAccepted: 13 May 2024  \nPublished: 14 May 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA  \n2 RCMI Cancer Research Center, Department of Chemistry, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA  \n* Correspondence: [sguo@xula.edu](sguo@xula.edu) (S.G.); [mliu@msm.edu](mliu@msm.edu) (M.L.)  \nAbstract: This review specifically examines the important function of the oncoprotein FOSL1 in the dimeric AP-1 transcription factor, which consists of FOS-related components. FOSL1 is identified as a crucial controller of invasion and metastatic dissemination, making it a potential target for therapeutic treatment in cancer patients. The review offers a thorough examination of the regulatory systems that govern the influence exerted on FOSL1 . These include a range of changes that occur throughout the process of transcription and after the translation of proteins. We have discovered that several noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play a significant role in regulating FOSL1 expression by directly interacting with its mRNA transcripts. Moreover, an investigation into the functional aspects of FOSL1 reveals its involvement in apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. This work involves a comprehensive analysis of the complex signaling pathways that support these diverse activities. Furthermore, particular importance is given to the function of FOSL1 in coordinating the activation of several cytokines, such as TGF-beta, and the commencement of IL-6 and VEGF production in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that migrate into the tumor microenvironment. There is a specific emphasis on evaluating the predictive consequences linked to FOSL1 . Insights are now emerging on the developing roles of FOSL1 in relation to the processes that drive resistance and reliance on specific treatment methods. Targeting FOSL1 has a strong inhibitory effect on the formation and spread of specific types of cancers. Despite extensive endeavors, no drugs targeting AP-1 or FOSL1 for cancer treatment have been approved for clinical use. Hence, it is imperative to implement innovative approaches and conduct additional verifications.  \nKeywords: glioblastoma; FOSL1; glioma stem cells; drug resistance; prognosis; biomarker  \n1. Introduction  \nGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and malignant form of brain tumor that often recurs despite intensive therapy. This recurrence is often associated with resistance to treatment and can be attributed to various factors, with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), playing a significant role. GSCs are a small subpopulation of cells within the tumor that exhibit stem-cell-like properties, such as self-renewal and the capacity to differentiate into various cell types found within the tumor. GSCs contribute to the recurrence and resilience of glioblastoma in many ways, such as therapy resistance, heterogeneity, microenvironment interaction, invasion, migration, and tumor regrowth [1] . GSCs possess many markers that distin","cbCaiuqFoMNSL43O","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuqFoMNSL43O","pdf",1864409,23,"English","# Introduction\n## Glioblastoma and glioma stem cells (GSCs)\n# FOSL1 and AP-1 signaling framework\n## AP-1 dimerization and bZIP-dependent regulation","[{\"question\":\"What role does FOSL1 play in glioma biology according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"FOSL1 regulates invasion and metastatic dissemination through its function within the dimeric AP-1 transcription factor and influences tumor behaviors including apoptosis, proliferation, and migration.\"},{\"question\":\"How do noncoding RNAs affect FOSL1 expression?\",\"answer\":\"The review explains that microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs can regulate FOSL1 expression by directly interacting with FOSL1 mRNA transcripts.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is FOSL1 considered a potential therapeutic target, and what is the current drug status?\",\"answer\":\"Targeting FOSL1 is described as having strong inhibitory effects on cancer formation and spread. Despite extensive efforts, no drugs targeting AP-1 or FOSL1 for cancer treatment have been approved for clinical use.\"}]","FOSL1’s Oncogene Roles in Glioma - A Comprehensive Review | PDF",1789978044,58]