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The FAQs explain ED’s forward-funding practice and how, for FY2025, ED withheld July 1 forward funds for specified ESEA and WIOA programs after an OMB programmatic review, later releasing affected funds on June 30 guidance, July 21, and July 30. It also covers how the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, sets timing guardrails for awarding formula grant funding and applies to both July 1 forward funding and October 1 advance appropriations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/forward-funded-federal-education-programs-frequently-asked-questions-july-13-2026/584384/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/forward-funded-federal-education-programs-frequently-asked-questions-july-13-2026/584384.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"WPS_1786070896","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"When do formula grant program funds become available to ED under forward-funded arrangements?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Forward-funded programs become available to ED in the last quarter of the fiscal year, typically on July 1, and ED then distributes the funds to state grantees for obligation on a staggered basis.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which programs were affected when ED did not release forward funds on July 1, 2025?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The affected programs include specific ESEA titles (I-C, II-A, III-A, IV-A, IV-B) and WIOA titles (Title II and Title II-A), with ED informing states that funds would not be made available under those programs on July 1.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, change timing requirements for ED’s award of formula grant funding?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The Act adds a general provision requiring the Secretary of Education to award specified formula grant funding to ED “on the date such funds become available for obligation,” applying to both July 1, 2026 forward funding and October 1, 2026 advance appropriations for covered programs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584384,1792231251,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},549768072016,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Forward-Funded Federal Education Programs: Frequently Asked Questions  \nJuly 13, 2026  \nCongressional Research Service  \n[https://crsreports.congress.gov](https://crsreports.congress.gov)[ ](https://crsreports.congress.gov)R49030  \nForward-Funded Federal Education Programs: Frequently Asked Questions  \nIn the annual appropriations process, Congress elects to make appropriations for certain federal education programs, in part, on a forward-funded basis. Programs funded in this manner receive appropriations in an appropriations act that become available during the last quarter of the fiscal year (i.e., on July 1) and remain available in the next fiscal year. Such programs also may receive an additional amount of funds as advance appropriations, which are provided in one fiscal year’s appropriations act but do not become available to the agency until a following fiscal year. Thus, a single appropriations act funds particular education programs, but those funds become available to the U.S. Department of Education (ED) on a staggered basis for distribution to state grantees.  \nR49030  \nJuly 13, 2026  \nRebecca R. Skinner  \nSpecialist in Education Policy  \nSean Stiff  \nLegislative Attorney  \nFor the forward-funded component of these programs, ED has had a long-standing practice of making those funds available to state grantees for obligation on the same day that the funds become available to ED, namely on July 1. For FY2025, ED departed from this practice and did not release forward funds on July 1. The affected programs include those authorized by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) and the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA), particularly  \n• ESEA Title I-C: Education of Migratory Children,  \n• ESEA Title II-A: Supporting Effective Instruction,  \n• ESEA Title III-A: English Language Acquisition,  \n• ESEA Title IV-A: Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants,  \n• ESEA Title IV-B: 21st Century Community Learning Centers,  \n• WIOA Title II: Adult Basic and Literacy Education State Grants, and  \n• WIOA Title II: Integrated English Literacy and Civics Education State Grants.  \nED alerted states in a June 30, 2025, email that the funds would not be made available under the affected programs on July 1. The email indicated that the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) was conducting a programmatic review of the funds, in part to ensure that grantees spent funds in accordance with the President’s priorities. ED eventually made funds under the ESEA Title IV-B program available to states on July 21. Funds for the remaining affected programs were released on July 30.  \nCongress addressed the timing of ED’s release of forward funds for FY2026 in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026 (P.L. 119-75), which provides appropriations for ED. The act includes a new general provision (Division B, Title III, §312) requiring the Secretary of Education to award formula grant funding for specified programs “on the date such funds become available for obligation” to ED. This provision applies to formula grant programs authorized by the ESEA, the McKinneyVento Homeless Assistance Act, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act, and the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act that received appropriations in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026. It applies both to forward funding for these programs available on July 1, 2026, as well as advance appropriations that become available on October 1, 2026.  \nContents  \nIntroduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1  \nWhen does funding become available to ED for federal education programs that provide formula grants? ......................................................................................................... 2  \nWhich federal education programs receive forward funds, advance appropriations, or both?","cbCaicsPqd2oaPIz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicsPqd2oaPIz","pdf",811892,15,"English","# Introduction\n# When does funding become available to ED for federal education programs that provide formula grants?\n# Which federal education programs receive forward funds, advance appropriations, or both?\n# How has ED distributed forward funds in the past?\n# Which forward-funded federal education programs did not receive forward funds on July 1, 2025?\n# What amount of funding did affected programs receive for FY2025?\n# What did ED say about its decision not to make funds available for the affected programs?\n# When and under what circumstances did ED release funds for the affected programs?\n# What “guardrails” did ED place on funding for the affected programs?\n# What were potential practical implications of ED not making funds available under the affected programs?\n# Did ED also delay the allocation of FY2025 advance appropriations for affected programs?\n# How does the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, address ED’s release of FY2026 appropriations for affected programs?","[{\"question\":\"When do formula grant program funds become available to ED under forward-funded arrangements?\",\"answer\":\"Forward-funded programs become available to ED in the last quarter of the fiscal year, typically on July 1, and ED then distributes the funds to state grantees for obligation on a staggered basis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which programs were affected when ED did not release forward funds on July 1, 2025?\",\"answer\":\"The affected programs include specific ESEA titles (I-C, II-A, III-A, IV-A, IV-B) and WIOA titles (Title II and Title II-A), with ED informing states that funds would not be made available under those programs on July 1.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, change timing requirements for ED’s award of formula grant funding?\",\"answer\":\"The Act adds a general provision requiring the Secretary of Education to award specified formula grant funding to ED “on the date such funds become available for obligation,” applying to both July 1, 2026 forward funding and October 1, 2026 advance appropriations for covered programs.\"}]","Forward-Funded Federal Education Programs - Frequently Asked Questions - July 13, 2026 | PDF",1792050853,38]