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Findings suggest Lego blocks may offer an engaging projective medium for art therapy.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/form-content-and-gender-differences-in-lego-block-creations-by-japanese-adolescents/592282/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/form-content-and-gender-differences-in-lego-block-creations-by-japanese-adolescents/592282.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Grenda","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What did the study assess in Lego block creations by Japanese adolescents?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"It assessed form and content of the block creations and measured time on task, covered area, and block quantity and types.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"Which gender differences were found in the Lego block creations?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Males used the dimension of height more frequently, and females used plants more frequently than males.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"How did past block-play experience affect the creations?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Participants with past experience used more basic blocks and utilized a larger area compared with those without such experience.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},592282,1792074233,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":101,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":79,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","B rief Report  \nForm, Content, and Gender Differences in Lego® Block Creations by Japanese Adolescents  \nDaiki Kato and Miyako Morita, Nagoya, Japan  \nAbstract  \nThis study examined general features of Lego block creations produced by Japanese adolescents with no known mental health disorders. The block creations of 33 participants were assessed for form, content, and gender differences. Time spent on the task, amount of area covered, and quantity and types of blocks used were measured and correlated with the participants’ genders and past experiences with block play. Results showed that males used the dimension of height more frequently than females, andfemales used plants in their compositions more frequently than males. The number of basic blocks used and the size of the area utilized were greater with participants who had past experiences with block play. This brief report suggests that the projective use of Lego blocks maybe an attractive medium in art therapy, especially among adolescents who played with Legos during childhood.  \nIntroduction  \nBlocks have been used and developed as one of the many kinds of toys for children. Pre-formed Lego blocks are an attractive material for expression because the colorful blocks engage the imagination and allow for the threedimensional creation of entire scenes and relationships in miniature. Not only children but also adolescents and adults enjoy playing with blocks in certain contexts. Although blocks were developed originally as toys, they are used in fields such as the arts, education, and technology. Blocks can also serve as a useful material in art therapy. In Japan, blocks are used in play therapy, psychotherapy, and counseling as an expressive technique.  \nReview of the Literature  \nSeveral studies have been conducted on the use of blocks in therapeutic settings. Imagawa, Ohnishi, Yamaguchi, and Nakai (1985) compared the use of blocks as a  \nEditor’s note: Daiki Kato, PhD, is a Designated Assistant Professor at the Center for Student Counseling, Nagoya University, Japan. Miyako Morita, MA, is a Professor in the Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University.  \nmedium of expression with conventional psychotherapy for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and indicated the positive effect that the blocks had on their patients. In a case study of a child with elective mutism, Irie and Ohmori (1991) discussed how blocks were used as a means ofcommunication between the client and therapist in each session of therapy. The child's mutism decreased while verbal expressions gradually increased in content and creativity.  \nBased on a study of the various uses of blocks in art therapy, Kato (2006a) developed an expressive technique using blocks and examined its effects. His technique was based on the theory of sandplay and the use of collage, which is quite popular in Japan. Kato provided Lego blocks for the participants in his study, including basic cubic blocks and specially shaped blocks such as plants, animals, and figures. Participants were asked to complete the Profile of Mood States (POMS) as a pre-test, followed by free block play where they could express anything they desired using the blocks on a base plate. Finally, they completed the POMS as a post-test and the results were compared. The POMS scores after the block play were significantly lower on the five scales of Tension-Anxiety, DepressionDejection, Anger-Hostility, Fatigue-Inertia, and ConfusionBewilderment. These results indicated that the use of Lego blocks may have induced a positive, therapeutic effect on the mood state of the participants.  \nAlthough the block technique is commonly used in individual psychotherapy or counseling in Japan, a study in the United States provided evidence of its value with group work. Legoff (2004) introduced an expressive technique using blocks with groups of autistic children and found that it was useful for increasing the children’s social skills. Collage tech","cbCaipJdsPEnNEgy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipJdsPEnNEgy","pdf",168371,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Review of the Literature","[{\"question\":\"What did the study assess in Lego block creations by Japanese adolescents?\",\"answer\":\"It assessed form and content of the block creations and measured time on task, covered area, and block quantity and types.\"},{\"question\":\"Which gender differences were found in the Lego block creations?\",\"answer\":\"Males used the dimension of height more frequently, and females used plants more frequently than males.\"},{\"question\":\"How did past block-play experience affect the creations?\",\"answer\":\"Participants with past experience used more basic blocks and utilized a larger area compared with those without such experience.\"}]","Form, Content, and Gender Differences in Lego® Block Creations by Japanese Adolescents | PDF",15]