[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40288-en":3,"doc-seo-40288-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},40288,4398048950312,"Violet","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002538284de19e3c?_k=1778320343897328908",8,"Research & Report","Foreign Policy Analysis A Comparative Introduction","Foreign Policy Analysis: A Comparative Introduction presents a focused approach to studying foreign policy by placing the individual decision maker at the center of the decision-making process. The text guides readers through core concepts and theories, beginning with why comparative foreign policy analysis matters, then examining how leaders shape policy, how leaders interpret the world, and how advisors, bureaucracies, and constraints—domestic and international—affect outcomes. Chapters are structured around relatable puzzles for undergraduate learners.","Foreign Policy Analysis  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nForeign Policy Analysis: A Comparative Introduction  \nMarijke Breuning  \nForeign Policy Analysis  \nCopyright © Marijke Breuning, 2007 .  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.  \nFirst published in 2007 by  \nPALGRAVE MACMILLAN™  \n175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and  \nHoundmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS.  \nCompanies and representatives throughout the world.  \nPALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.  \nMacmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries.  \nISBN-13: 978-0-3122-9619-3  \nISBN-10: 0-312-29619-3  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nBreuning, Marijke, 1957–  \nForeign policy analysis: a comparative introduction / Marijke Breuning. [p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 0-312-29619-3 (alk. paper)  \n1. International relations—Research. 2. International relations—Study  \nand teaching. I. Title.  \nJZ1234 .B74 2007  \n327. 1—dc22 2007014791 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.  \nDesign by Scribe Inc.  \nFirst edition: November 2007  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nContents  \nList of Tables vii  \nPreface ix  \nChapter 1 Why Study Foreign Policy Comparatively? 1  \nChapter 2 Do Leaders Shape Foreign Policy? 27  \nChapter 3 How Leaders Make Sense of the World 53  \nChapter 4 Leaders Are Not Alone: The Role of  \nAdvisors and Bureaucracies 85  \nChapter 5 Leaders in Context I: Domestic  \nConstraints on Foreign Policy Making 115  \nChapter 6 Leaders in Context II: International  \nConstraints on Foreign Policy Making 141  \nChapter 7 Who or What Determines Foreign Policy? 163  \nGlossary 177  \nBibliography 187  \nIndex 203  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nTables  \n1.1. Levels of analysis and the study of foreign policy 12  \n1.2. Levels of analysis and causation 15  \n1.3. Foreign policy analysis and social  \nscientific terminology 19  \n2.1. Classification of leader personality types 40  \n2.2. The operational code: determining the  \nphilosophical and instrumental beliefs of leaders 42  \n2.3. Leadership trait analysis 44  \n3.1. Comparing normative and empirical rationality 60  \n4.1. Comparison of executive management styles 92  \n4.2. Models of decision making 97  \n6.1. Measures of capabilities 145  \n6.2. Geographic circumstances 148  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nPreface  \nThis text reflects a specific point of view about the field of foreign policy analysis. It places the individual decision maker at the heart of the foreign policy decision making process. For this reason, the book starts with a discussion of the role of leaders and then proceeds to situate these individual decision makers in the context of advisors and bureaucracies, as well as domestic and international constraints. Each chapter is organized around puzzles and questions to which undergraduate students can readily relate. The book does not assume prior study of international relations. Quite the contrary, this text assumes no prior knowledge of either international relations or foreign policy analysis. Hence, the focus is on explaining conceptsand theories rather than on authors and literature.  \nThe book’s focus on the individual decision maker makes it easy for students to identify with the problems inherent in foreign policy making and to place themselves in the shoes of decision makers. The case studies that help explain the concepts are drawn from a variety of countries and time periods and include non-crisis as well as small state foreign policy making. Most of the concepts dis","cbCailLyF9NZD43R","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailLyF9NZD43R","pdf",1021796,4,1,218,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n# Chapter 1 Why Study Foreign Policy Comparatively?\n# Chapter 2 Do Leaders Shape Foreign Policy?\n# Chapter 3 How Leaders Make Sense of the World\n# Chapter 4 Leaders Are Not Alone: The Role of Advisors and Bureaucracies\n# Chapter 5 Leaders in Context I: Domestic Constraints on Foreign Policy Making\n# Chapter 6 Leaders in Context II: International Constraints on Foreign Policy Making\n# Chapter 7 Who or What Determines Foreign Policy?\n# Glossary\n# Bibliography\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the central focus of Foreign Policy Analysis: A Comparative Introduction?\",\"answer\":\"The book places the individual decision maker at the heart of the foreign policy decision-making process, then situates that individual within broader advisory, bureaucratic, and constraint environments.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the book emphasize studying foreign policy comparatively?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that a comparative approach adds value, while noting that many concepts were developed from U.S. foreign policy and tested elsewhere only infrequently.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book explain constraints on foreign policy making?\",\"answer\":\"It distinguishes domestic constraints from international constraints, showing how each shapes what leaders can and do decide when making foreign policy.\"}]",1783309199,549,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"foreign-policy-analysis-a-comparative-introduction","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/foreign-policy-analysis-a-comparative-introduction/40288/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-16","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What is the central focus of Foreign Policy Analysis: A Comparative Introduction?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The book places the individual decision maker at the heart of the foreign policy decision-making process, then situates that individual within broader advisory, bureaucratic, and constraint environments.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Why does the book emphasize studying foreign policy comparatively?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It argues that a comparative approach adds value, while noting that many concepts were developed from U.S. foreign policy and tested elsewhere only infrequently.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How does the book explain constraints on foreign policy making?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"It distinguishes domestic constraints from international constraints, showing how each shapes what leaders can and do decide when making foreign policy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]