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The editorial argues that current systems and data workflows may limit effective understanding and response to injury complexity. It introduces distributed situation awareness (DSA) as a framework where no single actor holds all knowledge, and effective decisions require integrated, compatible mental models, timely communication, role clarity and shared information across performance, medical, coaching and management teams.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/football-clubs-and-their-hive-mind-distributed-situation-awareness-dsa-and-its-role-in-injury-management/440465/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/football-clubs-and-their-hive-mind-distributed-situation-awareness-dsa-and-its-role-in-injury-management/440465.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why does the editorial link high injury rates in elite football to limitations in existing systems?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It notes that despite major investments, current processes and data used to understand football injuries may not handle the complexity effectively, creating gaps in how information is shared and acted upon.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does distributed situation awareness (DSA) mean in the context of football clubs?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"DSA treats awareness as something that must be integrated across multiple actors, because no single individual holds all relevant information; effective decisions rely on connected mental models and coordinated communication.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which practical features are suggested to help elite clubs support DSA?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The editorial highlights role and responsibility clarity, communication protocols, shared terminology for key metrics, real-time role-based data access, and regular interdisciplinary briefings to coordinate player status and training demands.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},440465,1791440516,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Editorial  \nFootball clubs and their ‘hive mind’: distributed situation awareness (DSA) and its role in injury management  \nScott Mclean  , 1 Paul M Salmon, 1 Mitch Naughton,2,3,4 Tom Page,5 Barry Drust,6 Michael Brownlow  7  \nInjury rates in elite football remain persistently high, despite significant investments in sports science, medical infrastructure and performance technology.1 This longstanding problem highlights potential limitations of the systems, processes and data currently involved in understanding and responding to the complexity associated with football injuries. Emerging qualitative investigations, particularly into the communication of performance teams, demonstrate important considerations for injury risk reduction frameworks.2 Shifting attention towards how awareness is shared, connected and acted on across the complex, interdisciplinary systems (ie, performance, medical, coaching, management) that define modern football clubs requires a pro-active approach.3 One concept offering explanatory and applied utility in this context is distributed situation awareness (DSA).4 5 DSA recognises that no single individual actor holds all relevant awareness and that effective decision-making requires the integration of disparate, yet complementary, awareness across a system of actors.5 This editorial introduces DSA as a critical concept to improve injury prevention and management within elite football clubs.  \nWHAT IS DISTRIBUTED SITUATION AWARENESS?  \nDSA has been extensively applied in numerous safety critical domains such as aviation, healthcare and defence, where  \n1Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia  \n2University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia  \n3University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia  \n4Global Sport and Movement Collaborative, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia 5West Bromwich Albion Football Club, Walsall, UK 6School of Sports, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK  \n7Elite Performance, Football Association Premier League, London, UK  \nCorrespondence to Dr Scott Mclean; [smclean@usc.edu.au](smclean@usc.edu.au)  \nteams, organisations and even entire sociotechnical systems must make timesensitive, high-stakes decisions in complex and dynamic environments.5 6 In such contexts, the emphasis of the DSA model is not on an individual’s ability to perceive and interpret information in isolation, buton the system’s capacity to develop and maintain a coherent understanding of its operational environment.6 This involves the connection of mental models, timely communication, role clarity and compatible use of information and technologies. DSA emphasises the exchange and integration of awareness among team members and technology to develop a collective understanding of the situation. For detailed descriptions of the core tenets of DSA, we recommend the commentary by Salmon and Plant.7  \nAPPLYING DSA IN THE PREMIER LEAGUE  \nEnglish Premier League (EPL) footballclubs operate as complex sociotechnical systems characterised by numerous interacting components and stakeholders, operating under intense performance pressures.7 Within these systems, decisions regarding training and/or match load, rehabilitation, return-to-play, playerselections and transitions between squads are determined across coaching teams, sport scientists, medical staff, analysts—and increasingly informed by data-driven technologies. As clubs adopt more sophisticated technologies for monitoring and forecasting, and as the number of internal and external actors increases, the risk also grows that specialists in different areas may not share information effectively orin a timely manner.8 For example, it is possible that coaching staff are unaware of a player’s injury risk profile, or that performance staff lack insight into the tactical requirements influencing selec","cbCaivwryy6Sc5Vj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivwryy6Sc5Vj","pdf",206674,"English","# Editorial: Football clubs and their ‘hive mind’\n## What is distributed situation awareness (DSA)?\n## Applying DSA in the Premier League\n## Designing performance systems to support DSA","[{\"question\":\"Why does the editorial link high injury rates in elite football to limitations in existing systems?\",\"answer\":\"It notes that despite major investments, current processes and data used to understand football injuries may not handle the complexity effectively, creating gaps in how information is shared and acted upon.\"},{\"question\":\"What does distributed situation awareness (DSA) mean in the context of football clubs?\",\"answer\":\"DSA treats awareness as something that must be integrated across multiple actors, because no single individual holds all relevant information; effective decisions rely on connected mental models and coordinated communication.\"},{\"question\":\"Which practical features are suggested to help elite clubs support DSA?\",\"answer\":\"The editorial highlights role and responsibility clarity, communication protocols, shared terminology for key metrics, real-time role-based data access, and regular interdisciplinary briefings to coordinate player status and training demands.\"}]","Football clubs and their ‘hive mind’: distributed situation awareness (DSA) and its role in injury management | PDF",1790692297]