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HUVEC and HT-29 cells evaluate antitumor activity, with structural characterization by FTIR, XRD, TEM, and DLS. Fluorescence assays (Annexin V/PI) and MTT cytotoxicity compare combined delivery versus free drugs, showing higher apoptosis and inhibitory efficacy for the nanocomposite.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/folic-acid-functionalized-albumingraphene-oxide-nanocomposite-to-simultaneously-deliver-curcumin-and-5-fluorouracil-into-human-colorectal-cancer-cells-an-in-vitro-study/405771/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/folic-acid-functionalized-albumingraphene-oxide-nanocomposite-to-simultaneously-deliver-curcumin-and-5-fluorouracil-into-human-colorectal-cancer-cells-an-in-vitro-study/405771.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Jake","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What 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[https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8334102](https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8334102)  \nResearch Article  \nFolic Acid-Functionalized Albumin/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite to Simultaneously Deliver Curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil into Human Colorectal Cancer Cells:  \nAn In Vitro Study  \nHassan Bardania , 1 Farajollah Jafari,2 Marzieh Baneshi,3 Reza Mahmoudi, 1  \nMaryam Tajali Ardakani, 1 Farshad Safari,2 and Mehrzad Jafari Barmak 1  \n1Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran  \n2Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran  \n3Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1P 6L2  \nCorrespondence should be addressed to Mehrzad Jafari Barmak; [mehrzadj14@gmail.com](mehrzadj14@gmail.com)  \nReceived 19 November 2022; Revised 3 April 2023; Accepted 12 May 2023; Published 31 May 2023  \nAcademic Editor: Fu-Ming Tsai  \nCopyright © 2023 Hassan Bardania et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nBackground. Nowadays, due to various inherent properties, graphene-based nanoparticles are widely used in drug delivery research. On the other hand, folate receptors are highly expressed on the surface of human tumor cells. In this work, to enhance the 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and curcumin (Cur) effects on colon cancer, we constructed a folic acid- (FA-) modified codelivery carrier based on graphene nanoparticles (GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU) . Materials and Methods. The HUVEC and HT-29 were selected for evaluating the antitumor effect of the prepared nanocarriers. The structure of nanocarriers was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, TEM microscopy, and a DLS analyzer. The efficiency of the prepared carrier was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy using Annexin V and the PI kit. The cytotoxicity of the carrier’s component individually and the efficacy of the drug carrier GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU were assessed by MTT. Results. The results of the pharmacological tests indicated that the new nanoparticles cause increased apparent toxicity in HT-29 cells. The apoptosis rate of the HT-29 and HUVEC cells treated with IC50 values of GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU for 48h was higher than the cells treated with IC50 values of 5FU and Cur individually, which indicated the greater inhibitory efficacy of GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU than free drugs. Conclusion. The designed GO-Alb-CUR-FA-5FU delivery system can be applied for targeting colon cancer cells and can be severe as a potential candidate for future drug development.  \n1. Introduction  \nColon cancer, known as one of the most devastating diseases, causes cell disorders, genetic changes, and a significant mortality rate subsequently [1, 2] . Based on the statics, colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States [3, 4] . Colorectal cancer starts in the innermost layer (the mucosa) and can grow outward through some or all of the other layers [5, 6] . When cancer cells proliferate in the wall, they can attack blood and lym-  \nphatic vessel lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body [7–9] . Various agents could be used to treat this disease including 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and curcumin (Cur)[10–12] . As a cytotoxic antimetabolic drug and also a chemotherapy agent, 5FU competes with the thymidine synthesis enzyme. The use of this conventional and chemical anticancer agent has been limited due to these drugs effectson cells nonspecifically. To overcome this barrier, a targeted drug delivery system which includes the drug, carrier, and target linker has been used. The biological behavior of the  \n2 BioMed Research International  \ncarrier and its linker determines its absorption, distribution, and metabolization. Therefore, a c","cbCairq776ltPwFZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairq776ltPwFZ","pdf",2857231,11,"English","# Background\n# Materials and Methods\n## Cell models and evaluations\n## Structural characterization and assays\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What delivery system was designed for colorectal cancer targeting?\",\"answer\":\"The study designed a folic-acid modified codelivery carrier based on graphene nanoparticles, labeled GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU, to deliver curcumin and 5-fluorouracil together.\"},{\"question\":\"Which cell lines were used to evaluate antitumor effects?\",\"answer\":\"HUVEC and HT-29 were selected to assess the antitumor effect of the prepared nanocarriers.\"},{\"question\":\"How did GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU perform compared with free 5FU and curcumin?\",\"answer\":\"Cells treated with GO-Alb-Cur-FA-5FU showed a higher apoptosis rate than cells treated with IC50 values of 5FU and curcumin individually, indicating stronger inhibitory efficacy.\"}]","Folic Acid-Functionalized Albumin/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite to Simultaneously Deliver Curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil into Human Colorectal Cancer Cells - An In Vitro Study | PDF",1790561760,28]