[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-203393-105":59,"doc-detail-203393-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","fluxes-at-experiment-facilities-in-heu-and-leu-designs-for-the-frm-ii","Fluxes at Experiment Facilities in HEU and LEU Designs for the FRM-II","","An alternative LEU design for the FRM-II, proposed by the RERTR Program at Argonne National Laboratory, uses a compact core with a single LEU silicide fuel element at 32 MW. It matches the HEU design in fuel lifetime (50 days) and provides comparable neutron flux performance (8 x 1014 n/cm2-s in the reflector). The paper addresses heat generation in the cold neutron source, reactor-noise gamma/fast components, fuel-cycle length, and reactivity worth of beam tubes, concluding LEU use is feasible without compromising safety or performance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/fluxes-at-experiment-facilities-in-heu-and-leu-designs-for-the-frm-ii/203393/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/fluxes-at-experiment-facilities-in-heu-and-leu-designs-for-the-frm-ii/203393.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn Holloway","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-07","2026-09-04",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the main parameters compared between the HEU and alternative LEU FRM-II designs?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Both designs use the same fuel lifetime of 50 days and the same neutron flux performance in the reflector (8 x 1014 n/cm2-s). Key parameters are summarized in Table 1, including enrichment, reactor power, and peak thermal flux.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the LEU design affect heat generation in the cold neutron source compared with the HEU design?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"For the same thermal neutron flux, neutron and gamma heating in the cold neutron source is smaller in the LEU design than in the HEU design, while cold neutron fluxes are as good as or better than those of the HEU design.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What impact does switching from HEU to LEU have on fuel cycle length and reactivity worth of experiment facilities?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The fuel cycle length is 50 days for both designs. The absolute value of the reactivity worth of beam tubes and other experiment facilities is smaller in the LEU design, allowing the fuel cycle length to be increased to 53 or 54 days.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},203393,1788560523,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":41},2336474466712,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","FLUXES AT EXPERIMENT FACILITIES IN HEU AND LEU DESIGNS  \nFOR THE FRM-II*  \nN. A. Hanan and J. E. Matos  \nArgonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois 60439-4841 USA  \nTo be Presented at the 1997 International Meeting on Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors  \nOctober 5-10, 1997  \nJackson Hole, Wyoming USA  \nThe submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U. S. Government under contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 . Accordingly, the U. S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes.  \n*Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation and National Security under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 .  \nFluxes at Experiment Facilities in HEU and LEU Designs for the FRM-II  \nN. A. Hanan and J. E. Matos  \nArgonne National Laboratory  \n9700 S. Cass Avenue  \nArgonne, Illinois 60439-4841 USA  \nABSTRACT  \nAn Alternative LEU Design for the FRM-II proposed by the RERTR Program at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has a compact core consisting of a single fuel element that uses LEU silicide fuel with a uranium density of 4.5 g/cm3 and has a power level of 32 MW. Both the HEU design by the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the alternative LEU design by ANL have the same fuel lifetime (50 days) and the same neutron flux performance (8 x 1014 n/cm2-s in the reflector) . LEU silicide fuel with 4.5 g/cm3 has been thoroughly tested and is fully-qualified, licensable, and available now for use in a high flux reactor such as the FRM-II.  \nSeveral issues that were raised by TUM have been addressed in Refs. 1-3. The conclusions of these analyses are summarized below. This paper addresses four additional issues that have been raised in several forums, including Ref. 4: heat generation in the cold neutron source (CNS), the gamma and fast neutron fluxes which are components of the reactor noise in neutron scattering experiments in the experiment hall of the reactor, a fuel cycle length difference, and the reactivity worth of the beam tubes and other experiment facilities. The results show that: (a) for the same thermal neutron flux, the neutron and gamma heating in the CNS is smaller in the LEU design than in the HEU design, and cold neutron fluxes as good or better than those ofthe HEU design can be obtained with the LEU design; (b) the gamma and fast neutron components of the reactor noise in the experiment hall are about the same in both designs; (c) the fuel cycle length is 50 days for both designs; and (d) the absolute value of the reactivity worth of the beam tubes and other experiment facilities is smaller in the LEU design, allowing its fuel cycle length to be increased to 53 or 54 days.  \nBased on the excellent results for the Alternative LEU Design that were obtained in all analyses, the RERTR Program reiterates its conclusion that there are no major technical issues regarding use of LEU fuel instead of HEU fuel in the FRM-II and that it is definitely feasible to use LEU fuel in the FRM-II without compromising the safety or performance of the facility.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nKey parameters of the TUM HEU and the ANL Alternative LEU designs are summarized in Table 1. Several issues that were raised by TUM have been addressed in Refs. 1-3, and a summary of those analyses is provided below.  \nFour additional issues raised in Ref. 4 and other forums are addressed here: heat generation in the cold neutron source, the gamma and fast neutron fluxes which are components of the reactor noise in neutron scattering experiments in the experiment hall of the reactor, a fuel cycle length difference, and the reactivity worth of the neutron cold source, beam tubes, and other experiment facilities.  \nTable 1: Key Parameters of the FRM-II HEU Design and the Alternative LEU Design.   \n\n|  | FRM-II\u003Cbr>HEU Design | FRM-II Alternative LEU Design (a) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Enrichment,% | 93","cbCaitWumLVBodWr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitWumLVBodWr","pdf",405204,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Key Parameters (Table 1)\n# Summary of Analyses from References 1, 2, and 3\n## Qualification of HEU and LEU Silicide Fuels\n## Fuel Element Hydraulic Stability","[{\"question\":\"What are the main parameters compared between the HEU and alternative LEU FRM-II designs?\",\"answer\":\"Both designs use the same fuel lifetime of 50 days and the same neutron flux performance in the reflector (8 x 1014 n/cm2-s). Key parameters are summarized in Table 1, including enrichment, reactor power, and peak thermal flux.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the LEU design affect heat generation in the cold neutron source compared with the HEU design?\",\"answer\":\"For the same thermal neutron flux, neutron and gamma heating in the cold neutron source is smaller in the LEU design than in the HEU design, while cold neutron fluxes are as good as or better than those of the HEU design.\"},{\"question\":\"What impact does switching from HEU to LEU have on fuel cycle length and reactivity worth of experiment facilities?\",\"answer\":\"The fuel cycle length is 50 days for both designs. The absolute value of the reactivity worth of beam tubes and other experiment facilities is smaller in the LEU design, allowing the fuel cycle length to be increased to 53 or 54 days.\"}]","Fluxes at Experiment Facilities in HEU and LEU Designs for the FRM-II | PDF"]