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It analyzes Bienvenido Santos’s novel What The Hell For You Left Your Heart In San Francisco (1987) alongside selected short stories, highlighting nostalgia for an idealized homeland and examining green-card marriages and generational differences in feelings of homesickness and displacement. It frames these themes through shifts in legal status, migration forces, and discrimination from early immigration policy through later acts and war-veteran privileges.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/flipping-across-the-ocean-nostalgia-matchmaking-and-displacement-in-filipino-american-narrative-abstract/503813/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/flipping-across-the-ocean-nostalgia-matchmaking-and-displacement-in-filipino-american-narrative-abstract/503813.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kurz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-18","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What main idea does the article use to connect Filipino American social life with literature?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues that Filipino American social reality has a nomadic, diasporic character, conveyed through a distinct Filipino exilic sensibility in literary works.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which literary texts are used to illustrate the article’s hypothesis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The article focuses on Bienvenido Santos’s novel What The Hell For You Left Your Heart In San Francisco (1987) and short stories including N.V.M. González’s The Tomato Game (1993) and Immigration Blues (1979), Linda Ty-Casper’s Hills, Sky, Longing (1990), and Jessica Hagedorn’s The Blossoming of Bong Bong (1990).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the article describe the evolution of Filipino American immigration and status in the United States?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It traces changes from early labor usefulness, shifting legal status after the Immigration Act of 1924, the Tydings-McDuffie Act in 1934, post–World War II veteran privileges, and the 1965 act that liberalized immigration and increased community growth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},503813,1791300574,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336478945635,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","ODISEA, Nº 1, 2001, PÁGS. 39-48  \nFLIPPING ACROSS THE OCEAN: NOSTALGIA, MATCHMAKING AND DISPLACEMENT IN FILIPINO AMERICAN NARRATIVE  \nBegoña Simal González. Universidade da Coruña  \nABSTRACT  \nThe article addresses the nomadic nature of Filipino American social reality and how that is conveyed through a literature imbued with a peculiarly Filipino 􀁭exilic sensibility􀁮 . The literary texts chosen to illustrate this hypothesis are Bienvenido Santos􀁲s What The Hell For You Left Your Heart In San Francisco (1987), as well as several short stories: N.V.M. González􀁲s 􀁭The Tomato Game􀁮 (1993), Bienvenido Santos􀁲s 􀁭Immigration Blues􀁮 (1979), Linda Ty-Casper􀁲s 􀁭Hills, Sky, Longing􀁮(1990), and Jessica Hagedorn􀁲s 􀁭The Blossoming of Bong Bong􀁮 (1990) . The fiction of Bienvenido Santos, N.V.M. González, and Ty-Casper, portray the nostalgia for an idealized homeland, especially through the oldtimers􀁲 and old people􀁲s perspective. Both Santos and González also tackle the question of green-card marriages between young Filipinas and oldtimers. On the other hand, Hagedorn􀁲s story and Santos􀁲s novel choose a young immigrant as the focal point who does not echo the elders􀁲 feeling of homesickness, displacement and exile.  \nIf the statement that we are living in a diasporic world is taken to be true, then the Filipino American community is one of the most paradigmatic examples of that condition. In the last century, Filipinos and Filipinas have been Spanish, American and Pilipin@s. Therefore, their legal status in America has dramatically changed in a matter of years, and the Filipino American community has travelled from an incipient symbiosis with their colonizers/hosts to the realization that a new identity had to be forged in an urgently needed literature of 􀁭selfappraisal􀁮 (González & Campomanes, 1997: 72; see Campomanes, 1992: 50-51, 72) .  \nWe have recently commemorated the Spanish loss of the Philippines, our last colonies in the Pacific, and the American take-over of the islands. Pushed by the bad economic situation in the Philippines, on the one hand, and pulled by the alluring promise of the American Dream1, on the other hand, many young 􀁭Pinoys􀁮 left for the sugar plantations in Hawaii, the fisheries in Alaska and the North West, and the fertile Californian valleys, with their burgeoning agriculture. The increasing of Filipino emigration to America was made possible by their new status as 􀁭American nationals,􀁮 to which no quotas or other restrictions applied.  \nHowever, the American patronizing attitude towards Filipino people in the archipelago turned into outright contempt and exploitation at home, in the United States. The Japanese- 1 See Takaki, 1989: 59-62 on the hardships at home and the hope of coming back 􀁭triumphantly as successful migrants, as balikbayans and Hawaiianos􀁮 (60) .  \nOdisea, no 1, 2001  \n40 BEGOÑA SIMAL GONZÁLEZ  \nAmerican historian Ronald Takaki illustrates the discrimination of these 􀁭little brown brothers􀁮2 by quoting a 1930 interview to the secretary of an American agricultural organization: 􀁭It must be realized that the Filipino is just the same as the manure that we put on the land - just the same􀁮 (1989: 324) . The strong Filipino presence in the subsequent Californian labour movement was a clear reaction against these racist attitudes as well as a plea for the improvement of their working conditions.  \nThe Filipino contingent of immigrants had been very useful to the West Coast fisheries and agriculture just after the Immigration Act of 1924, which had dramatically reduced the number of legal Mexican migrants, the main cheap labour force at the time. It had gradually become less essential and even redundant, but the only legal way to stop Filipino migration was to change their status as American nationals and grant independence to the Philippines. Thus in 1934 the Tydings-McDuffie Act was passed, the Philippine Islands became a 􀁭commonwealth􀁮 for ten years, until their final independence, and quotas could","cbCaimMDmYK8Uo6s","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimMDmYK8Uo6s","pdf",260423,"English","# Abstract\n## Diasporic nomadism and Filipino exilic sensibility\n## Literary case studies and generational perspectives\n## Legal status, immigration acts, and migration conditions\n## Discrimination, labor movements, and war-veteran privileges\n## Post-1965 immigration and community growth","[{\"question\":\"What main idea does the article use to connect Filipino American social life with literature?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that Filipino American social reality has a nomadic, diasporic character, conveyed through a distinct Filipino exilic sensibility in literary works.\"},{\"question\":\"Which literary texts are used to illustrate the article’s hypothesis?\",\"answer\":\"The article focuses on Bienvenido Santos’s novel What The Hell For You Left Your Heart In San Francisco (1987) and short stories including N.V.M. González’s The Tomato Game (1993) and Immigration Blues (1979), Linda Ty-Casper’s Hills, Sky, Longing (1990), and Jessica Hagedorn’s The Blossoming of Bong Bong (1990).\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article describe the evolution of Filipino American immigration and status in the United States?\",\"answer\":\"It traces changes from early labor usefulness, shifting legal status after the Immigration Act of 1924, the Tydings-McDuffie Act in 1934, post–World War II veteran privileges, and the 1965 act that liberalized immigration and increased community growth.\"}]","FLIPPING ACROSS THE OCEAN: NOSTALGIA, MATCHMAKING AND DISPLACEMENT IN FILIPINO AMERICAN NARRATIVE - Abstract | PDF",1791060602,15]