[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-31252":3,"doc-seo-31252":26},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"file_id":15,"file_url":16,"file_type":17,"file_size":18,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":19,"is_downloadable":19,"audit_status":19,"page_count":20,"language":21,"table_of_contents":22,"faqs":23,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":24,"read_time":25},31252,7971461740886,"Theodore","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2",8,"Research & Report","Fiscal Risk Analysis Tools at the Level of the European Union","Fiscal balance functions as a core signal of public finance health and reflects fiscal policy differences across countries, especially after the Covid-19 crisis highlighted the need for room to adjust and strong knowledge of fiscal vulnerabilities. Using Eurostat and World Bank data, the analysis covers the 27 EU member states over 2000–2021. Results indicate that general government debt, foreign direct investment, military spending, and unemployment spending worsen the budget balance, while economic growth and pension spending improve it. Economic growth emerges as the key driver across methods.","cbCaieq8eM8p6ZxG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieq8eM8p6ZxG","pdf",455995,1,23,"English","# Introduction\n# Review of previous literature","[{\"question\":\"What is the fiscal balance and why is it important for fiscal risk analysis?\",\"answer\":\"Fiscal balance (budget balance) is the equality of government revenues and expenditures in a year. It is used as an indicator of the government’s capacity to align spending with public revenues and to assess fiscal sustainability and fiscal space.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors negatively and positively affect the budget balance in the study?\",\"answer\":\"General government debt, foreign direct investments, military expenditures, and unemployment expenditures negatively affect the budget balance. Economic growth and pension expenditures act as positive determinants.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the study conducted for EU countries and what methods are used?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzes the 27 EU member states with annual data from 2000 to 2021 organized as panel data. It applies regressive models (POLS, fixed effects, random effects), a vector autoregressive model (VAR), and Granger causality to estimate the sign, value, and statistical significance of impacts on the budget balance.\"}]",1779224535,58,{"code":4,"msg":27,"data":28},"ok",{"site_id":29,"language":30,"slug":31,"title":13,"keywords":32,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":24},105,"en","fiscal-risk-analysis-tools-at-the-level-of-the-european-union","",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/fiscal-risk-analysis-tools-at-the-level-of-the-european-union/31252/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-05-19",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"What is the fiscal balance and why is it important for fiscal risk analysis?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"Fiscal balance (budget balance) is the equality of government revenues and expenditures in a year. It is used as an indicator of the government’s capacity to align spending with public revenues and to assess fiscal sustainability and fiscal space.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"Which factors negatively and positively affect the budget balance in the study?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"General government debt, foreign direct investments, military expenditures, and unemployment expenditures negatively affect the budget balance. Economic growth and pension expenditures act as positive determinants.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How is the study conducted for EU countries and what methods are used?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"The study analyzes the 27 EU member states with annual data from 2000 to 2021 organized as panel data. It applies regressive models (POLS, fixed effects, random effects), a vector autoregressive model (VAR), and Granger causality to estimate the sign, value, and statistical significance of impacts on the budget balance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":29}]