[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-634676-105":59,"doc-detail-634676-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","firebrand-transport-from-a-novel-firebrand-generator-numerical-simulation-of-laboratory-experiments","Firebrand transport from a novel firebrand generator - numerical simulation of laboratory experiments","","Firebrands (embers) intensify wildfires by increasing spread rates and causing ignition and destruction of houses, making accurate prediction of ember motion and new-fire ignition a priority. This study builds benchmark experiments using a novel, controllable firebrand generator, then validates a numerical firebrand-transport model against those measurements. Validation covers non-burning and burning cubiform particles at two flow speeds and tests four drag sub-models for applicability across firebrand shapes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/firebrand-transport-from-a-novel-firebrand-generator-numerical-simulation-of-laboratory-experiments/634676/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/firebrand-transport-from-a-novel-firebrand-generator-numerical-simulation-of-laboratory-experiments/634676.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"asda1da","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main objective of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To conduct benchmark experiments using a novel firebrand generator and validate a numerical model for firebrand transport against the experimental results.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What kinds of firebrand particles and flow conditions are used for validation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The validation is performed for non-burning and burning cubiform firebrand particles at two different flow speeds.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are drag sub-models evaluated in the study?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Four generic drag sub-models are verified to estimate drag coefficients for a wide range of firebrand shapes, and their performance is compared for predicting firebrand transport.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},634676,1792910344,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747861852,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Firebrand transport from a novel firebrand generator: numerical simulation of laboratory experiments  \nThis is the Accepted version of the following publication  \nWadhwani, R, Sutherland, D, Ooi, A and Moinuddin, Khalid (2022) Firebrand transport from a novel firebrand generator: numerical simulation of laboratory experiments. International Journal of Wildland Fire. ISSN 1049-8001  \nThe publisher’s official version can be found at [https://www.publish.csiro.au/wf/pdf/WF21088](https://www.publish.csiro.au/wf/pdf/WF21088)[ ](https://www.publish.csiro.au/wf/pdf/WF21088)Note that access to this version may require subscription.  \nDownloaded from VU Research Repository [https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43615/](https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43615/)  \n1 Firebrand transport from a novel firebrand generator: Numerical simulation of  \n2 laboratory experiments  \n3 Running head: Experimental and numerical study of firebrand  \n4 R. WadhwaniA,B, , D. SutherlandB,C, A. OoiB,D, K. MoinuddinA,B, *  \n5 ACentre for Environmental Safety and Risk Engineering, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC  \n6 3030, Australia  \n7 BBushfire and Natural Hazards CRC, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia  \n8 C School of Science, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia  \n9 DDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia  \n10 Abstract  \n11 Firebrands (often called embers) increase the propagation rate of wildfires and often cause the  \n12 ignition and destruction of houses. Predicting the motion of firebrands and the ignition of new  \n13 fires is therefore of significant interest to fire authorities. Numerical models have the potential  \n14 to accurately predict firebrand transport. The present study focuses on conducting a set of  \n15 benchmark experiments using a novel firebrand generator, a device that produces controlled  \n16 and repeatable sets of firebrands, and validating a numerical model for firebrand transport  \n17 against this set of experiments. The validation is conducted for the transport of non-burning and  \n18 burning cubiform firebrand particle at two flow speeds. Four generic drag sub-models used to  \n19 estimate drag coefficients which are suited for a wide variety of firebrand shapes are verified  \n* [Corresponding author: khalid.moinuddin@vu.edu.au](Corresponding author: khalid.moinuddin@vu.edu.au)  \n20 for their applicability to firebrand transport modelling. Among four, these sub-models are found  \n21 to be good in various degrees at predicting the transport of firebrand particles.  \n22 Keyword: Short-range firebrands, Lagrangian particles, Firebrand generator, Fire Dynamics  \n23 Simulator, Drag models; Lateral spread; Contour; Contour peak location;  \n24 Summary  \n25 A combined experimental and numerical study of firebrand transport is presented. A novel  \n26 firebrand generator is built to produce specific-shaped burning firebrands and measure landing  \n27 distributions. A physics-based model is used with four different drag sub-models to reproduce  \n28 experimental results and results are obtained with various degrees of fidelity.  \n29 Introduction  \n30 Firebrands are a primary cause of increased rate of fire spread inside a forest canopy and can  \n31 cause damage to structures located close to a forest. The whole process encompassing the  \n32 transport of the firebrands and the propensity to ignite surface fuels or structures is called  \n33 spotting. Short-range (where the firebrands travel up to 750 m) spotting is principally observed  \n34 inside the forest canopy where the firebrands travel mainly due to shear stress of wind, with  \n35 little to no lofting provided by the buoyant force of the sub-canopy fire (Cruz et al. 2015) .  \n36 Massive short-range spotting can increase the observed rate of fire spread up to three times, 37 compared with the rate of fire spread when the firebrands are not present; this effect is observed  \n38 in the 1962 Daylesford fire (McArthur 1967) . Thus, it is imperative to a","cbCaiqwgeOToj0Ak","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqwgeOToj0Ak","pdf",2595932,37,"English","# Abstract\n## Summary\n## Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To conduct benchmark experiments using a novel firebrand generator and validate a numerical model for firebrand transport against the experimental results.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of firebrand particles and flow conditions are used for validation?\",\"answer\":\"The validation is performed for non-burning and burning cubiform firebrand particles at two different flow speeds.\"},{\"question\":\"How are drag sub-models evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Four generic drag sub-models are verified to estimate drag coefficients for a wide range of firebrand shapes, and their performance is compared for predicting firebrand transport.\"}]","Firebrand transport from a novel firebrand generator - numerical simulation of laboratory experiments | PDF",1792674273,93]