[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-116079-en":3,"doc-seo-116079-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},116079,962084925290,"Ophelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",8,"Research & Report","Field Guide to Trees of Britain and Europe - Photographic Consultants: Eric and David Hosking","Field Guide to Trees of Britain and Europe provides a practical, identification-focused approach to tree study, linking names to real specimens through clear guidance on structure and distribution. It explains how trees are defined, how they differ from shrubs (including cases where shrubs can also form trees), and why understanding where and how trees grow matters. The guide supports field learning with dedicated sections on tree identification methods, classification, families, keying, conservation, and related resources.","Bob Press's  \n# FIELD GUIDE TOTHETREES OF\n\nBRITAIN AND EUROPE  \nPHOTOGRAPHIC CONSULTANTS:ERIC AND DAVID HOSKING  \nBob Press's  \n# FIELD GUIDE TOTHETREESOFBRITAIN AND EUROPE\n\nBob Press's  \nFIELD GUIDE TOTHETREESOFBRITAIN AND EUROPE  \nPHOTOGRAPHIC CONSULTANTS:ERIC AND DAVID HOSKING  \nAcknowledgements  \nThe publishers,author and photographic consultants gratefully acknowledge the assistance of all thoseinvolved in the compilation of this book.Photograph sources are as listed below:  \nFrank Iane Picture Agency Ltd:Heather Angel 6,127tl,179tr,189bl,211br,213mr,221,ml,231t,m,2331;Ray Bird 91tr,195ml,mr;Sdeuard Bisserot 51tl,115br,137u,173tr,181br,187b,205t1,207bl,213br,221tr;Daniel Bohler (Sivestris)211ml;B.Borrel 1811;Mike Clark 143bl;Paul Davies 173br,187tr;Justus DeCuveland(Silvestris)173bl;Robin Fletcher 175bl;Bob Gibbons 55tL,61tr,63tr,71br,85tr,103ml,103mr,115ml,117b,119tr,125mr,bl,141tr,145b,147tl,ml,149bl,153bl,159bl,161tl,bl,171tr,177bl,181bl,187tl,197ml,mr,201mr,203bl,205br,bl,217br,223tr,bl,2271,tr,231bl,233tr;Frank Iane 14,115tl;A.R.Hamblin181mr;E.H.Herbert 11,651,67tr,69tr,77bl,81t1,89tL,911,95t,tr,99ml,mr,107bl,1231,bl,br,127br,137ml,bl,155tL,tr,157u,159t,189t1,191tl,193m,197bl,219ml,mr,225ml;Mike Hollings 89ml,143tr,199br;David Hoskings 10,49bl,55tr,59t1,65bl,br,71mr,bl,73br,75L,bl,81mr,bl,83br,85t1,87mr,93L,bl,97tl,101tr,br,103bl,br,105bl,111br,121tr,b,123tr,125br 129t1,131bl,br,133tr,135bl,139L,143ml,145tl,149L,153tr,155bl,157bl,br,159tr,161tr,br,165m,br,167tr,mr,br,1691,179bl,181ml,185t,189ml,mr,193tr,197br,207mr,br,215bl,217tr,mr,219bl,br,21mr,br,225tl,bl,227ml,mr;Wilhelm Irsch (Silvestris)2031;Karl HeinzJakobi(Silvestris)51ml,181tr;Eva Lindenburger(Silvestris)137br;Malcolm MacCachlon 103mr;MarkNewman 53t;M.Nimmo 47tr,49t1,ml,mr,br,51tr,mr,br,53tr,br,55bl,57t1,ml,bl,59tr,bl,61ml,63,67t1,bl,br,73tr,75ml,77t,81br,83u,tr,87tL,r,ml,br,89bl,br,99uL,tr,101bl,103tL.tr,105br,109u,1111,mr,113t1,117tr,119t1,ml,bl,br,125u,tr,ml,131t,tr,133t1l,137tr,mr,141t1,143mr,br,147tr,br,151tr,br,bl,153br,157tr,159ml,mr,161ml,165bl,167t1,ml,169bl,175tr,177mr,179ml,br,183t,tr,ml,mr,185m,191ml,mr,bl,203tr,207t,211u,tr,215t1,217tl,219d1,225tr,mr,229tr,233bl;JR.Press 611,79bl,91bl,br,93tr,br,95b,135br,145tr,169mr,175t1,179mr,193b,211bl,215ml,mr,br,223t;M.CF.Proctor 107br,111ml,197tr,217bl;lanRose 1011,113ml,117tl,189tr,195tr,199tr,227bl;Michael Rose 63m,109bl,111tr,195bl;MJ.Short 171br,1731,231br;Harry Smith 47u,55br,105tr,119mr,147bl,149br,153t1,161mr,163m,167bl,171bl,t1,175br,179mr,187m,191br,199ml,bl,201tl,209tL,tr,bl,211mr,213tL,tr;A.Stevens 59mr,69br,97bl,155br,169tr,br  \nD.A.Sutton 121tl,129tr,m,b,135tr,145mr,165t,171ml,mr,bl,177t1,ml,185bl,br,203br,209br,221bl,225br,227br,233br,235tl,br;B.R.Tebbs 95br,115bl;MJ.Thomas 61br,107t;Roger Tidman 71tl,73L1,113tr;NJ.Turland 81ml,115tr,mr,117m,127bl,133bl,139bl,br,151t,183br,223br,235tr,ml,mr,bl;D.Warren 213ml;  \nj.Watkins 149tr;L.West 109br;A.Wharton 229tr;Dr.Wilson 141mr,bl,br;P.Wilson 191tr.  \nNJ.Turland 15,47bl,51bl,57tr,59ml,br,63b,65tur,69t1,bl,73bl,75tr,mr,br,77tl,br,79tL,tr,bl,83bl,99bl,br,107tr,109tr,111bl,113bl,121m 133br,135t,141ml,143t1,159br,163tL,tr,199mr,207tr,ml,213bl,215tr,217ml,229L;Bob Gibbons 12,47br,53bl,57br,61mr,bl,71tr,ml,81tr,85bl,br,89tr,mr,97tr,br,105tl,113br,127tr,139tr,163b,1691,177tr,br,183bl,189br,193tl,219tr,229br;Wildlife Matters(Dr John Feltwell)145m.  \n(t=top;tl=top left;tr=top right;m=middle;ml=middle left;mr=middle right;b=bottom;bl=bottom left;br =bottom right.)  \nFirst published in the UK in 1992 byNew Holland(Publishers)Ltd37 Connaught Street,London W22AZ  \nCopyright 1992 New Holland(Publishers)LtdCopyright ◎1992 photographs as credited above  \nAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the copyright owners.  \nISBN 1853681032 (hbk)ISBN 1853681040(pbk)  \nCommissioni","cbCaia2HhBuoweSF","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia2HhBuoweSF","pdf",31191278,1,250,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## How to Use the Guide\n## Distribution and History of Trees in Europe\n## How to Identify Trees\n## Glossary\n## Tree Names and Classification\n## Families of Trees\n## Key to Trees\n# The Trees of Britain and Europe\n## Field Equipment\n## Conservation\n## Organisations\n## Arboreta\n# Bibliography\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What does the field guide emphasize for identifying trees?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on identifying trees using structure and distribution information, helping readers put names to specimens encountered. It also distinguishes trees from shrubs and addresses common misidentifications.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book explain the difference between trees and shrubs?\",\"answer\":\"It states that trees are often defined as having a single large trunk well above ground, while shrubs are smaller with more diffuse growth and several stems branching near the ground. It also notes that these differences can be artificial and includes shrub species that may form trees.\"},{\"question\":\"What topics are included beyond identification?\",\"answer\":\"The guide includes information on tree names and classification, families of trees, a key to trees, conservation, field equipment, organisations, arboreta, plus a bibliography and index.\"}]","Field Guide to Trees of Britain and Europe - Photographic Consultants: Eric and David Hosking | PDF",1785483422,630,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"field-guide-to-trees-of-britain-and-europe-photographic-consultants-eric-and-david-hosking","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/field-guide-to-trees-of-britain-and-europe-photographic-consultants-eric-and-david-hosking/116079/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-18","2026-07-31",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What does the field guide emphasize for identifying trees?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"It focuses on identifying trees using structure and distribution information, helping readers put names to specimens encountered. 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It also notes that these differences can be artificial and includes shrub species that may form trees.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What topics are included beyond identification?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The guide includes information on tree names and classification, families of trees, a key to trees, conservation, field equipment, organisations, arboreta, plus a bibliography and index.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,116,121,124,129,132,136],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":135},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":139},19,"General","general"]