[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-331757-105":59,"doc-detail-331757-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","fiber-type-prebiotics-and-gynecological-and-breast-cancers-risk-the-prebiotica-study","Fiber-type prebiotics and gynecological and breast cancers risk: the PrebiotiCa study","","Prebiotics may influence hormone-related female cancer risk by modulating gut microbiota involved in estrogen metabolism. The study evaluated associations between fiber-type prebiotic intake and breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers using Italian hospital-based case-control data (1991-2006). Inulin-type fructans and specific oligosaccharides were quantified in foods by laboratory analyses, then intake was estimated from food-frequency questionnaires. Results showed limited, mostly non-consistent links across cancers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/fiber-type-prebiotics-and-gynecological-and-breast-cancers-risk-the-prebiotica-study/331757/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/fiber-type-prebiotics-and-gynecological-and-breast-cancers-risk-the-prebiotica-study/331757.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main objective of the PrebiotiCa study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To evaluate whether fiber-type prebiotic intake is associated with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk through mechanisms involving gut microbiota and estrogen metabolism.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was prebiotic intake measured in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Prebiotic content in foods was quantified via laboratory analyses, and participants’ intake was estimated by combining food-frequency questionnaire responses with that prebiotic content.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Were specific prebiotics consistently linked to cancer risk?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Most fiber-type prebiotics were not appreciably and consistently associated with risks of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers; only some associations appeared marginally or inversely for particular compounds and cancer types.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331757,1789998854,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","American Journal  of Epidemiology, 2025, 193, 1693–1700  \n[https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwae130](https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwae130)  \nAdvance access publication date June 19, 2024  \nOriginal Contribution  \nFiber-type prebiotics and gynecological and breast cancers risk: the PrebiotiCa study  \nFederica Turati1  , Giovanna Esposito1  , Federica Concina2  , Federica Fiori3  , Maria Parpinel3  , Fabio Parazzini1  , Anna Crispo4  , Eva Negri5  , Diego Serraino6  , Carlo La Vecchia*, 1   \n1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, Milan, Italy  \n2 Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy  \n3 Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy  \n4 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori-IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy  \n5 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy  \n6Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy  \n*Corresponding author: Carlo La Vecchia, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria 22, 20133 Milan, Italy ([carlo.lavecchia@unimi.it](carlo.lavecchia@unimi.it))  \nAbstract  \nPrebiotics may influence the risk of hormone-related female cancers by modulating the gut microbiota involved in estrogen metabolism. We evaluated the association of fiber-type prebiotic intake with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Data derived from a network of Italian hospital-based case-control studies (1991-2006), including 2560 cases of cancer of the breast (n = 2588 control participants),454 of the endometrium (n = 908 control participants), and 1031 of the ovary (n = 2411 control participants) . Inulin-type fructans and selected fructo-oligosaccharides (namely, nystose, kestose, and 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose) and galacto-oligosaccharides (namely, raffinose and stachyose) were quantified in food products via laboratory analyses. Prebiotic intake was estimated by multiplying intake according to food frequency questionnaire responses by the foods’prebiotic content. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% CIs were derived by multiple logistic regression models. Nystose intake was marginally directly associated with breast (for quartile 4 vs quartile 1: OR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.00-1.45), ovarian (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.04-1.84), and endometrial (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 0.85-2.03) cancer risk. High amounts of 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose intake were inversely associated with ovarian cancer (OR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52-0.85). Inulin-type fructans, kestose, raffinose, and stachyose were not associated with the 3 cancers. The intake of most fiber-type prebiotics was not appreciably and consistently associated with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risks.  \nThis article is part of a Special Collection on Gynecological Cancer.  \nKey words: breast cancer; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer; risk; diet; prebiotics.  \nIntroduction  \nWith an estimated 2.3 million new cases, breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020 . In the same year, endometrial and ovarian cancers ranked, respectively, sixth and eighth in cancer incidence, with more 417000 and 313000 cases. Together, these cancers account for one-third of all cancer diagnoses in women.1  \nBreast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risks are, to various degrees, linked with reproductive and hormonal factors. Among them are early age at menarche, late age at menopause, nulliparity, and use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which contribute to the lifetime estrogen exposure.2-4 Use of oral contraceptives (OCs) is associated with a modest, shortterm increased risk of breast cancer, but with reduced longterm risks of endometrial and ovarian cancers.5 , 6 In addition, excess body weight7 , 8 and, possibly, metabolic disorders, i","cbCaiaxmNm1gDARQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaxmNm1gDARQ","pdf",731153,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the main objective of the PrebiotiCa study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate whether fiber-type prebiotic intake is associated with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk through mechanisms involving gut microbiota and estrogen metabolism.\"},{\"question\":\"How was prebiotic intake measured in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Prebiotic content in foods was quantified via laboratory analyses, and participants’ intake was estimated by combining food-frequency questionnaire responses with that prebiotic content.\"},{\"question\":\"Were specific prebiotics consistently linked to cancer risk?\",\"answer\":\"Most fiber-type prebiotics were not appreciably and consistently associated with risks of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers; only some associations appeared marginally or inversely for particular compounds and cancer types.\"}]","Fiber-type prebiotics and gynecological and breast cancers risk: the PrebiotiCa study | PDF",1789995000]