[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-597120-105":59,"doc-detail-597120-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","faculty-unionization-and-salary-differentials-in-ontario-universities-resume","Faculty Unionization and Salary Differentials in Ontario Universities - RÉSUMÉ","","This paper examines how unionization affected salary differentials across Ontario universities by comparing average salary trends in institutions with certified bargaining units versus those without. The main period runs from 1975, when the first Ontario university became certified, to 1983, three years after the most recent certification. The age-adjusted average salary increase in unionized institutions was only about two percent higher than in nonunionized groups. The conclusion is tempered by limits of certification as a unionization indicator, possible spillover effects on nonunionized institutions’ salary behavior, and constraints from wage controls and funding limits during the study period.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/faculty-unionization-and-salary-differentials-in-ontario-universities-resume/597120/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/faculty-unionization-and-salary-differentials-in-ontario-universities-resume/597120.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rainbow Cat","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main research question of the paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The paper asks how unionization influenced salary differentials among Ontario universities by comparing salary trends between certified unionized institutions and those without certified bargaining units.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What time period does the study analyze?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It analyzes trends from 1975, when the first Ontario university became certified, to 1983, three years after the most recent faculty association became certified.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the paper find about salary increases for unionized versus nonunionized institutions?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"After adjusting for age, unionized institutions’ average salary increase was only about two percent greater than the nonunionized group.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Why is the paper’s conclusion qualified?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Certification may not reliably indicate unionization, unions in some universities may have affected salary behavior in nonunionized institutions, and potential faculty-union influence was constrained by wage controls and funding limits during the study period.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},597120,1792171433,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149,"preview_page_count":4},962090769181,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","# Faculty Unionization and Salary Differentialsin Ontario Universities\n\nMICHAEL L.SKOLNIK and GERALDINE WOODFORD*  \n## RÉSUMÉ\n\nCet article explore I'impact de la syndicalisation sur les différences salarialesparmi les universités ontariennes en comparant les tendances dans les salairesmoyens entre les institutions où les professeurs sont syndiqués et celles où ils ne lesont pas.L'étude porte sur la période de temps allant de 1975,année ou lapremiere université ontarienne se syndicalisa,à1983,soit trois ans apres que laderniere université à se syndicaliser lefit.L'étude montre que la hausse salarialemoyenne (ajustée pour I'age)dans les institutions syndicalisees n'est supérieureque de deux pour cent à celle des groupes non-syndiqués.Par ailleurs,dautresdonnees permettent de conclure que la syndicalisation n'a pas eu dimpactsignificatifsur les structures salariales relatives dans les universités ontariennes.On doit cependant nuancer cette conclusion en notant que la syndicalisation netraduit pas forcément un syndicalisme revendicatif,que la présence de syndicatsdans certaines universités a pu influencer le comportement salarial des institu-tions non-syndiquées,et que I'influence potentielle des syndicats professoraux aété limitee par les controles de salaire et les contraintes budgétaires en vigueurpendant la période à l'étude.                    \n## ABSTRACT\n\nThis paper explores the impact of unionization on salary differentials amongOntario universities by comparing the trends in average salaries between thoseinstitutions which have certified bargaining units and those which do not.Theprincipal time period considered is from 1975,when the first Ontario universitybecame certified,to 1983,three years after the most recentfaculty association tobecome certified did so.The age-adjusted average salary increase for theunionized institutions was found to be only about two per cent greater than for thenonunionized group.As well,other data presented led to the conclusion thatunionization has not had a significant impact upon relative salary structures inOntario universities.This conclusion is qualified by noting that certification maynot be an effective indicator of unionization,that the presence of unions in some  \n*Higher Education Group,Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.  \nuniversities may have influenced the salary behaviour of the nonunionizedinstitutions,and that the potential influence offaculty unions was constrained bywage controls and funding limits during the period under investigation.  \nIn their assessment of the impact of faculty collective bargaining in highereducation,Baldridge and his colleagues observe that“debate has never ceasedover the impact of unions on the wages of their members,particularly incomparison with the wages of their nonunionized counterparts”(1985:268).Reviewing the research on this question in the United States,the authors concludethat after appropriate adjustments are made the unionized faculty member earnedon average $750 to $900 more per year in the 1970s than his or her nonunionizedcounterpart;but that the discrepancy was decreasing and disappeared altogetherwhen local cost of living differences were taken into account.Freeman(1978)estimated that the longitudinally adjusted salary advantage associated withunionization ranged between zero and five per cent.Jones notes that most of theearly literature on the impacts of faculty unions concerned salary increases,butthat while this research was abundant,it was also contradictory.He concludes that\"the literature on salary reveals no convincing evidence that unions securesubstantially better salaries than at nonunion colleges”(1986:184).  \nAlthough the relative incidence of unionization of university faculty has beengreater in Canada than in the United States(Penner,1978-79)we have been unableto find any studies of the effects of unionization upon earnings of faculty inCanadian universities.In fact,Ponak and Thompson(1983)note that “despite its","cbCaimJtM34BCXYP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimJtM34BCXYP","pdf",606034,17,"English","# RÉSUMÉ\n## ABSTRACT\n## Study scope and findings\n## Qualifications and constraints\n## Related research and evidence","[{\"question\":\"What is the main research question of the paper?\",\"answer\":\"The paper asks how unionization influenced salary differentials among Ontario universities by comparing salary trends between certified unionized institutions and those without certified bargaining units.\"},{\"question\":\"What time period does the study analyze?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes trends from 1975, when the first Ontario university became certified, to 1983, three years after the most recent faculty association became certified.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the paper find about salary increases for unionized versus nonunionized institutions?\",\"answer\":\"After adjusting for age, unionized institutions’ average salary increase was only about two percent greater than the nonunionized group.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the paper’s conclusion qualified?\",\"answer\":\"Certification may not reliably indicate unionization, unions in some universities may have affected salary behavior in nonunionized institutions, and potential faculty-union influence was constrained by wage controls and funding limits during the study period.\"}]","Faculty Unionization and Salary Differentials in Ontario Universities - RÉSUMÉ | PDF",1792084415,43]