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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can act as initiator or promoter, promoting immune evasion and activating pro-oncogenic pathways that favor tumor growth and cellular transformation. Evidence highlights EZH2 and Myc as central regulators of oncogenesis and stemness in HCMV-related virus–tumor mechanisms, making the Myc/EZH2 axis a key target for understanding virus-induced oncogenesis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ezh2-myc-hallmark-in-oncoviruscytomegalovirus-infections-and-cytomegalovirus-resemblance-to-oncoviruses/341049/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ezh2-myc-hallmark-in-oncoviruscytomegalovirus-infections-and-cytomegalovirus-resemblance-to-oncoviruses/341049.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What proportion of global cancer cases is attributed to virus infections?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Approximately 15–20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does HCMV contribute to carcinogenesis according to the abstract?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"HCMV can act as an initiator or promoter, enabling immune evasion and activating pro-oncogenic pathways that support tumor growth and cellular transformation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why are EZH2 and Myc important in oncovirus- and HCMV-related tumorigenesis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Cumulative evidence emphasizes that EZH2 and Myc play crucial roles in oncogenesis and stemness, with the Myc/EZH2 axis promoting tumor growth in oncovirus contexts.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},341049,1790281114,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","cells  \nReview  \nEZH2-Myc Hallmark in Oncovirus/Cytomegalovirus Infections and Cytomegalovirus’ Resemblance to Oncoviruses  \nRanim El Baba 1 and Georges Herbein 1,2, *  \n1 Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB EA4266, University of Franche-Comté UFC,  \n25000 Besançon, France; [ranim.elbaba@live.com](ranim.elbaba@live.com)  \n2 Department of Virology, CHU Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France  \n* Correspondence: [georges.herbein@univ-fcomte.fr](georges.herbein@univ-fcomte.fr)  \nAbstract: Approximately 15–20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections. Oncoviruses employ various molecular strategies to enhance replication and persistence. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), acting as an initiator or promoter, enables immune evasion, supporting tumor growth. HCMV activates pro-oncogenic pathways within infected cells and direct cellular transformation. Thus, HCMV demonstrates characteristics reminiscent of oncoviruses. Cumulative evidence emphasizes the crucial roles of EZH2 and Myc in oncogenesis and stemness. EZH2 and Myc, pivotal regulators of cellular processes, gain significance in the context of oncoviruses and HCMV infections. This axis becomes a central focus for comprehending the mechanisms driving virus-induced oncogenesis. Elevated EZH2 expression is evident in various cancers, making it a prospective target for cancer therapy. On the other hand, Myc, deregulated in over 50% of human cancers, serves as a potent transcription factor governing cellular processes and contributing to tumorigenesis; Myc activates EZH2 expression and induces global gene expression. The Myc/EZH2 axis plays a critical role in promoting tumor growth in oncoviruses. Considering that HCMV has been shown to manipulate the Myc/EZH2 axis, there is emerging evidence suggesting that HCMV could be regarded as a potential oncovirus due to its ability to exploit this critical pathway implicated in tumorigenesis.  \nCitation: El Baba, R.; Herbein, G. EZH2-Myc Hallmark in Oncovirus/Cytomegalovirus Infections and Cytomegalovirus’Resemblance to Oncoviruses. Cells 2024, 13, 541. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/cells13060541](10.3390/cells13060541)  \nAcademic Editor: Goberdhan P. Dimri  \nReceived: 7 February 2024  \nRevised: 9 March 2024  \nAccepted: 15 March 2024  \nPublished: 19 March 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nKeywords: oncoviruses; human cytomegalovirus; HCMV; EZH2; Myc; oncogenesis; tumor microenvironment; cytomegalovirus  \n1. Introduction  \nThe identification of a particular group of human viruses as the predominant factor behind a significant portion of human cancers stands as a crucial milestone in understanding and addressing cancer. Recent estimates indicate that virus infections account for 15–20% of the global cancer burden [1] . The human oncoviruses that are widely acknowledged include human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) [2] . In recent findings, the oncogenic potential of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been emphasized, suggesting that the virus has the capability to directly induce transformation in primary cells. This characterization positions HCMV as a potential eighth human oncovirus [3,4] . Certain factors, for instance, the host’s immune response, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences, contribute to the overall cancer risk. Additionally, the concept of viral-induced cancer extends beyond direct viral involvement in cellular transformation. Chronic inflammation ","cbCaivKKC7cOex8M","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivKKC7cOex8M","pdf",1359976,21,"English","# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What proportion of global cancer cases is attributed to virus infections?\",\"answer\":\"Approximately 15–20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections.\"},{\"question\":\"How does HCMV contribute to carcinogenesis according to the abstract?\",\"answer\":\"HCMV can act as an initiator or promoter, enabling immune evasion and activating pro-oncogenic pathways that support tumor growth and cellular transformation.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are EZH2 and Myc important in oncovirus- and HCMV-related tumorigenesis?\",\"answer\":\"Cumulative evidence emphasizes that EZH2 and Myc play crucial roles in oncogenesis and stemness, with the Myc/EZH2 axis promoting tumor growth in oncovirus contexts.\"}]","EZH2-Myc Hallmark in Oncovirus/Cytomegalovirus Infections and Cytomegalovirus’ Resemblance to Oncoviruses | PDF",1790040099,53]