[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-333303-105":59,"doc-detail-333303-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":127,"head_meta":129,"extra_data":131,"updated_unix":133},105,"en","expression-of-ras-and-rab-interactor-1-rin1-in-head-and-neck-tumors-at-selected-hospital-in-ghana","Expression of RAS and RAB interactor 1 (RIN1) in head and neck tumors at selected hospital in Ghana","","Head and neck tumors (HNT) affecting the paranasal sinuses, salivary glands, and upper aerodigestive tract remain clinically challenging. This study evaluates the expression of RIN1, a Ras effector protein linked to epithelial regulation and cancer involvement, in archival HNT tissues. RIN1 levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining across samples collected between 2014 and 2020. RIN1 expression was lower in tumor tissues than in normal tissues, with significant differences across tumor quality and age groups.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/expression-of-ras-and-rab-interactor-1-rin1-in-head-and-neck-tumors-at-selected-hospital-in-ghana/333303/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/expression-of-ras-and-rab-interactor-1-rin1-in-head-and-neck-tumors-at-selected-hospital-in-ghana/333303.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s main objective regarding RIN1 and head and neck tumors?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To investigate the expression of RIN1 in head and neck tumors and assess its potential role in tumor progression and molecular-targeted therapy identification.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was RIN1 expression measured in this research?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"RIN1 expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining on archival head and neck tissue samples from 2014 to 2020.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the study find about RIN1 levels in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"RIN1 expression was low in tissue samples compared with normal head and neck tissues.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Did the study observe differences in RIN1 expression by age and tumor malignancy level?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Yes. High versus low RIN1 levels differed in relation to age cutoffs (≤40 vs >40) and showed significant differences when poor and well-moderate malignant tumors were compared.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},333303,1790168855,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":148,"preview_page_count":4},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","PLOS ONE  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nCitation: Osei Saahene R, Barnes P, Yeboah FA, Agbo E, Asante D-B, Arhin SK (2024) Expression of RAS and RAB interactor 1 (RIN1) in head and neck tumors at selected hospital in Ghana. PLoS ONE 19(4): e0301295 . [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal). pone.0301295  \nEditor: Laszlo Buday, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUNGARY  \nReceived: September 18, 2023  \nAccepted: March 13, 2024  \nPublished: April 18, 2024  \nPeer Review History: PLOS recognizes the benefits of transparency in the peer review process; therefore, we enable the publication of all of the content of peer review and author responses alongside final, published articles. The editorial history of this article is available here:  \n[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301295](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301295)  \n[Copyright:](Copyright:) © [2024](2024) Osei Saahene et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  \nData Availability Statement: Data cannot be shared publicly because it contains sensitive identifying information. However, data are available from the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital Ethical  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nExpression of RAS and RAB interactor 1 (RIN1) in head and neck tumors at selected hospital in Ghana  \nRoland Osei Saahene1, Precious Barnes2 *, F. A. Yeboah3, Elvis Agbo4, DuBois Asante5, Samuel Kofi Arhin2  \n1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, 2 Department of Physician Assistant Studies, College of Health and Allied Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, 3 Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, 4 Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an City, China, 5 Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana  \n* [precious.barnes@ucc.edu.gh](precious.barnes@ucc.edu.gh)  \nAbstract  \nBackground  \nHead and neck tumors (HNT) are tumors of the paranasal sinuses, the salivary glands and the upper aerodigestive tract. RIN1 is a Ras effector protein regulating epithelial cell properties and has been implicated in a number of cancers.  \nMethod  \nThe aim of this study was to investigate the expression of RIN1 in head and neck tumors. RIN1 expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining on archival head and neck tissue samples between 2014 and 2020.  \nResults  \nRIN1 expression was low in tissue samples as compared with the normal head and neck tissues. High and low RIN1 levels were compared with ages 􀀔40, >40 in the head and neck tumors of p-value 0.02. There was a significant difference with p-values of 0.001 when poor and well-moderate malignant tumors were compared.  \nConclusion  \nOur data suggests that RIN1may play an important role in head and neck tumor progression and that its expression may provide baseline data to facilitate identification of new molecular targeted therapeutics.  \nReview Committee (CCTHERC), the ethics board of the School of Medical Sciences of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and technology, KNUST and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana (Email: cctherc@gmail. com, [chrpe.knust.kath@gmail.com](chrpe.knust.kath@gmail.com),) for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data.  \nFunding: The authors received no specific funding for this work.  \nCompeting interests: The authors confirmed that there is no competing interest.  \nIntroductio","cbCaipW0LHdqP0DR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipW0LHdqP0DR","pdf",1389155,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Method\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s main objective regarding RIN1 and head and neck tumors?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate the expression of RIN1 in head and neck tumors and assess its potential role in tumor progression and molecular-targeted therapy identification.\"},{\"question\":\"How was RIN1 expression measured in this research?\",\"answer\":\"RIN1 expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining on archival head and neck tissue samples from 2014 to 2020.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about RIN1 levels in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues?\",\"answer\":\"RIN1 expression was low in tissue samples compared with normal head and neck tissues.\"},{\"question\":\"Did the study observe differences in RIN1 expression by age and tumor malignancy level?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. High versus low RIN1 levels differed in relation to age cutoffs (≤40 vs \\u003e40) and showed significant differences when poor and well-moderate malignant tumors were compared.\"}]","Expression of RAS and RAB interactor 1 (RIN1) in head and neck tumors at selected hospital in Ghana | PDF",1790001844,25]