[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-368253-105":59,"doc-detail-368253-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","exploring-the-role-of-oral-bacteria-in-oral-cancer-a-narrative-review","Exploring the role of oral bacteria in oral cancer - a narrative review","","A growing body of research indicates that many cancer types correlate with human microbiome components. However, the oral microbiota’s role in oral cancer is less established. Certain oral infections, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, may enhance tumorigenic processes and tumor growth, affecting disease progression via direct host interactions and changes in toxicity and cancer-therapy responsiveness. Evidence also links phylogenetic groupings with immunotherapy outcomes. Interest is rising in microbial-based cancer treatment, so maintaining a healthy oral microbiome is emphasized. This review discusses microbiome roles in oral cancers and potential therapeutic applications.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exploring-the-role-of-oral-bacteria-in-oral-cancer-a-narrative-review/368253/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exploring-the-role-of-oral-bacteria-in-oral-cancer-a-narrative-review/368253.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Liam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How do oral bacteria potentially contribute to oral cancer development?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Some oral microbiome components can stimulate tumorigenic processes and promote tumor growth. Oral dysbiosis can shift the microbial community toward more pathogenic states that increase oral cancer risk.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which oral bacterial species are highlighted as potentially increasing tumor growth?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are described as two prevalent oral infections that can increase tumor growth.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What therapeutic direction is discussed regarding microbes and cancer?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Recent interest focuses on using microbes as possible cancer treatment vectors. Species such as Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium spp. are mentioned as being explored for this purpose.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},368253,1790320142,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":26},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review  \nExploring the role of oral bacteria in oral cancer: a narrative review  \nHassan Mivehchi1 · Aisan Eskandari‑Yaghbastlo2 · Parnian Pour Bahrami3 · Anis Elhami4 · Farbod Faghihinia5 · Seyedeh Tabasom Nejati6 · Kimia Sadat Kazemi7 · Mohsen Nabi Afjadi8  \nReceived: 5 September 2024 / Accepted: 19 February 2025  \n© The Author(s) 2025 OPEN  \nAbstract  \nA growing body of research indicates that a wide range of cancer types may correlate with human microbiome components. On the other hand, little is known about the potential contribution of the oral microbiota to oral cancer. However, some oral microbiome components can stimulate different tumorigenic processes associated with the development of cancer. In this line, two prevalent oral infections, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum can increase tumor growth. The microbiome can impact the course of the illness through direct interactions with the human body and major modifications to the toxicity and responsiveness to different kinds of cancer therapy. Recent research has demonstrated a relationship between specific phylogenetic groupings and the results of immunotherapy treatment for particular tumor types. Conversely, there has been a recent upsurge in interest in the possibility of using microbes to treat cancer. At the moment, some species, such as Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium spp., are being explored as possible cancer treatment vectors. Thus, understanding these microbial interactions highlights the importance of maintaining a healthy oral microbiome in preventing oral cancers. From this perspective, this review will discuss the role of the microbiome on oral cancers and their possible application in oral cancer treatment/improvement.  \nKeywords Oral Microbiome · Oral cancer · Porphyromonas gingivalis · Fusobacterium nucleatum · ; Clostridium spp  \nAbbreviations  \nOSCC Oral squamous cell carcinoma TME Tumor microenvironment  \nEMT Epithelial-mesenchymal transition HPV Human papillomavirus  \nCDKs Cyclin-dependent kinases CTLs Cytotoxic T lymphocytes DC Dendritic cell  \nNGS Next-generation sequencing  \n* Kimia Sadat Kazemi, [kazemi.kimia@yahoo.com](kazemi.kimia@yahoo.com); * Mohsen Nabi Afjadi, [mohsen.nabiafjadi@modares.ac.ir](mohsen.nabiafjadi@modares.ac.ir); Hassan Mivehchi,  \n[mivehchi@gmail.com](mivehchi@gmail.com); Aisan Eskandari-Yaghbastlo, [Aisan.esk@gmail.com](Aisan.esk@gmail.com); Parnian Pour Bahrami, [Parnianpourb@gmail.com](Parnianpourb@gmail.com); Anis Elhami,  \n[Draniselhami@gmail.com](Draniselhami@gmail.com); Farbod Faghihinia, [Farbod.faghihinia@gmail.com](Farbod.faghihinia@gmail.com); Seyedeh Tabasom Nejati, [Nejatitabassom98@gmail.com |](Nejatitabassom98@gmail.com |)  \n[1](1Faculty of Dentistry)[Faculty of Dentistry](1Faculty of Dentistry), [University of Debrecen](University of Debrecen), [Debrecen](Debrecen), [Hungary](Hungary). 2School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, USA. 3Faculty  \nof Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 5School of Dentistry, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran. 6School of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 7Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 8Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.  \nDiscover Oncology  \n(2025) 16:242  \n| [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01998-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01998-2)  \n1 Introduction  \nWhile the 5-year overall survival rate for oral cancer has increased from 59% during 1990–2000 to 70% during 2001–2010, the overall survival rate for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease is still around 50%, with a typical range of 10 to 15 months [1]. These concerns highlight the importance of understanding the causes and risk factors associated with oral cancer. Major risk factors in","cbCaibNZ8WQQoR6P","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibNZ8WQQoR6P","pdf",1324884,24,"English","# Introduction\n## Risk factors for oral cancer\n## Oral microbiome, dysbiosis, and oral cancer\n## Sequencing approaches and microbial findings","[{\"question\":\"How do oral bacteria potentially contribute to oral cancer development?\",\"answer\":\"Some oral microbiome components can stimulate tumorigenic processes and promote tumor growth. Oral dysbiosis can shift the microbial community toward more pathogenic states that increase oral cancer risk.\"},{\"question\":\"Which oral bacterial species are highlighted as potentially increasing tumor growth?\",\"answer\":\"Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are described as two prevalent oral infections that can increase tumor growth.\"},{\"question\":\"What therapeutic direction is discussed regarding microbes and cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Recent interest focuses on using microbes as possible cancer treatment vectors. Species such as Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium spp. are mentioned as being explored for this purpose.\"}]","Exploring the role of oral bacteria in oral cancer - a narrative review | PDF",1790175873]