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Two research questions guided the study: which spatial ability types were investigated in the literature, and what relationship exists between spatial ability and course performance. Eligible studies (English, 2000–2025) included spatial testing and reported links to chemistry performance measures such as exam or course grades, yielding 20 articles. Most studies found positive correlations, with mental rotation and PSVT-R most frequently used.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exploring-the-relationship-between-spatial-ability-and-undergraduate-student-performance-in-chemistry-and-chemical-engineering-courses/290921/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exploring-the-relationship-between-spatial-ability-and-undergraduate-student-performance-in-chemistry-and-chemical-engineering-courses/290921.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Chumphorn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-18","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What relationship does the review find between spatial ability and undergraduate chemistry performance?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Across 20 included studies, 14 (70%) reported positive correlations between spatial ability and course performance, indicating spatial ability as a meaningful predictor.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which spatial skill and which assessment tool are most frequently studied?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Three-dimensional mental rotation was the most studied spatial skill (85% of studies), and the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test: Rotations was the most used assessment tool (60%).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What limits the conclusions of the systematic review?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Findings are constrained by the concentration of studies in organic chemistry and by coverage of thermodynamics research through a single institution.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},290921,1789642955,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},2336475401981,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c94efd8d5204d?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786935347598174694","Paper ID \\#51151  \nExploring the Relationship Between Spatial Ability and Undergraduate Student Performance in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Courses  \nPriya Balasubramanian Pillai, University of Cincinnati  \nPriya Pillai is a sophomore majoring in Chemical Engineering in the College of Engineering and Science,and currently serves as a Research Assistant at the Department of Engineering and Computing Education at the University of Cincinnati. She is passionate about understanding how students experience learning in chemistry and chemical engineering fields and is dedicated to contributing to initiatives that improve education from the inside out. As she embarks on her academic journey, Priya is eager to explore both the technical aspects of chemical engineering and the broader impact of education in shaping the next generation of engineers.  \nAnne Hong, University of Cincinnati  \nAnne Hong is an engineering education PhD student in the Department of Engineering and Computing Education at the University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science. She holds a BSin biomedical engineering and an MS in health informatics with a focus on data analysis and biostatistics from Rutgers University. Anne has been an instructor at the college level for over 6 years, teaching and facilitating a variety of courses for undergraduate students including physics, biology, and engineering economics. Her research interests are focused on examining how teaching pedagogy and curriculum designs in undergraduate introductory and pre-requisite engineering courses impact performance in upper-level engineering coursework.  \nDr. So Yoon Yoon, University of Cincinnati  \nDr. So Yoon Yoon is an assistant professor in the Department of Engineering and Computing Education in the College of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Cincinnati, OH, USA. Dr. Yoon  \nreceived her Ph.D. in Gifted Education and an M.S.Ed. in Research Methods and Measurement with a  \nspecialization in Educational Psychology, both from Purdue University, IN, USA. She also holds an M.S.  \nin Astronomy and Astrophysics and a B.S. in Astronomy and Meteorology from Kyungpook National University, South Korea. Her work centers on elementary, secondary, and postsecondary engineering education research as a psychometrician, data analyst, and program evaluator with research interests in spatial ability, STEAM education, workplace climate, and research synthesis with a particular focus on meta-analysis. She has developed, validated, revised, and copyrighted several instruments beneficial for STEM education research and practice. Dr. Yoon has authored more than 100 peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings and served as a journal reviewer in engineering education, STEM education, and educational psychology. She has also served as a PI, co-PI, advisory board member, or external evaluator on several NSF-and NASA-funded projects.  \n©American Society for Engineering Education, 2026  \nExploring the Relationship Between Spatial Ability and Undergraduate Student Performance in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Courses  \nAbstract  \nThis systematic review examined the relationship between undergraduate students' spatial ability and their performance in chemistry and chemical engineering courses. Two research questions guided the study: (1) What types of spatial ability are explored in the literature? and (2) What is the established relationship between spatial ability and course performance? Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2025, involved undergraduate students enrolled in a chemistry or chemical engineering course, administered a spatial test, and reported a relationship between spatial ability and chemistry performance measures such as exam grades or course grades. A keyword search across Google Scholar, ProQuest, and ASEE PEER, supplemented by forward and backward snowballing, identified 20 eligible articles. Studies ","cbCaiitoTZ2eiOGu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiitoTZ2eiOGu","pdf",552026,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Spatial ability in chemistry and chemical engineering education\n## Motivation for the study\n# Methodology\n## Research questions and eligibility criteria\n## Search strategy and study selection\n# Results\n## Included studies and correlation patterns\n## Most studied spatial skills and assessment tools\n# Discussion\n## Interpretation and limitations\n## Educational implications for curricula","[{\"question\":\"What relationship does the review find between spatial ability and undergraduate chemistry performance?\",\"answer\":\"Across 20 included studies, 14 (70%) reported positive correlations between spatial ability and course performance, indicating spatial ability as a meaningful predictor.\"},{\"question\":\"Which spatial skill and which assessment tool are most frequently studied?\",\"answer\":\"Three-dimensional mental rotation was the most studied spatial skill (85% of studies), and the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test: Rotations was the most used assessment tool (60%).\"},{\"question\":\"What limits the conclusions of the systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"Findings are constrained by the concentration of studies in organic chemistry and by coverage of thermodynamics research through a single institution.\"}]","Exploring the Relationship Between Spatial Ability and Undergraduate Student Performance in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Courses | PDF"]