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Inverse variance weighting, MR Egger, and weighted median were used, with leave-one-out sensitivity checks. No causal association was found for infection overall (OR 0.24, P=0.09), while inverse associations appeared for hospitalization and severe disease.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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genetically predicted COVID-19 infection causally increase laryngeal cancer risk?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"No evidence of a causal association was detected between gene-predicted COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer (OR=0.24, P=0.09).","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What associations were observed between COVID-19 hospitalization/severity and laryngeal cancer?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Inverse associations were observed for gene-predicted COVID-19 hospitalization (OR=0.51, P=0.03) and severe patients (OR=0.62, P=0.01) with laryngeal cancer.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which genetic variant and pathway were highlighted in the study?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The study identified variants such as rs13050728 that modulate interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2) expression, suggesting roles for immune response pathways in both COVID-19 and 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ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nAranzazu Mediero,  \nHealth Research Institute Foundation Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Spain  \nREVIEWED BY  \nJun-Feng Cao,  \nChengdu Medical College, China Shetty Ravi Dyavar,  \nAdicet bio Inc, United States  \n*CORRESPONDENCE Richeng Jiang  \n[jrc1224@jlu.edu.cn](jrc1224@jlu.edu.cn)[ ](jrc1224@jlu.edu.cn)Xin Wang  \n [xwang99@jlu.edu.cn](xwang99@jlu.edu.cn)  \n†These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship  \nRECEIVED 02 February 2024  \nACCEPTED 27 May 2024  \nPUBLISHED 10 June 2024  \nCITATION  \nWang H, Fang N, Mozumder P, Jiang R and Wang X (2024) Exploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer: insights from a Mendelian randomization study.  \nFront. Immunol. 15:1380982 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380982  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Wang, Fang, Mozumder, Jiang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nExploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer: insights from a Mendelian randomization study  \nHeng Wang †, Ning Fang †, Prithweeraj Mozumder, Richeng Jiang* and Xin Wang*  \nDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China  \nIntroduction: Viral infections have been implicated as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Given the possible effects of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the laryngeal tissue, we investigated the causal link between COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.  \nMethods: We utilized genetic data from the 5th Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) edition of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (published on January 18, 2021) and a large-scale laryngeal cancer GWAS comprising 180 cases and 218,612 controls of European ancestry. We applied inverse variance weighting, MR Egger, and weighted median methods to infer causality. We performed sensitivity analysis using the “leave-one-out” method to verify robustness.  \nResults: We found no evidence of a causal association between gene-predicted COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer [Odds ratio (OR)=0.24 (95% Confidence intervals (CI), 0 .05–1. 26), P=0 . 09] . However, we observed significant inverse associations between gene-predicted COVID-19 hospitalization [OR=0 . 51 (95% CI, 0 .28– 0.95), P=0.03] and severe patients [OR=0.62 (95% CI, 0.43–0.90), P=0.01] and laryngeal cancer. Notably, the study detected important genetic variants, such as rs13050728, that modulate the expression of interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2), indicating possible roles for immune response pathways in both COVID-19 and cancer.  \nDiscussion: This study reveals a potential interaction between COVID-19 severity, genetic factors, and laryngeal cancer, underscoring the importance of investigating the immune response mechanisms in both conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interactions between COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer and may guide future research on the role of immune response, particularly involving IFNAR2 .  \nKEYWORDS  \nCOVID-19, laryngeal cancer, Mendelian randomization, IFNAR2, immune response, viral infections  \nFrontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \n1 Introduction  \nCorona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), characterized by a range of febrile and respiratory symptoms with potentially lethal risks caused by SARS-CoV-2, has garnered widespread global attention since its initial report. After three years of a global pandemic,","cbCaimyipjPTo0bK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimyipjPTo0bK","pdf",1613803,"English","# Introduction\n## COVID-19 and long-term effects\n## Laryngeal cancer background\n# Methods\n## Genetic data sources\n## MR statistical approaches\n## Sensitivity analysis\n# Results\n## Causal estimates for infection\n## Associations for hospitalization and severity\n## Key genetic variants and IFNAR2","[{\"question\":\"Does genetically predicted COVID-19 infection causally increase laryngeal cancer risk?\",\"answer\":\"No evidence of a causal association was detected between gene-predicted COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer (OR=0.24, P=0.09).\"},{\"question\":\"What associations were observed between COVID-19 hospitalization/severity and laryngeal cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Inverse associations were observed for gene-predicted COVID-19 hospitalization (OR=0.51, P=0.03) and severe patients (OR=0.62, P=0.01) with laryngeal cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"Which genetic variant and pathway were highlighted in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study identified variants such as rs13050728 that modulate interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2) expression, suggesting roles for immune response pathways in both COVID-19 and cancer.\"}]","Exploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer - insights from a Mendelian randomization study | PDF",1789997135]