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It reviews the history of the examination system and explains current practices while analyzing recent changes introduced by educational authorities. Empirical evaluation uses data from Punjab Examination Commission (grades 5 and 8), BISE (grade 9), and Punjab University for undergraduate levels, revealing poor performance linked to outdated evaluation procedures and inadequate curricula, especially in English.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exploring-summative-assessment-and-effects-primary-to-higher-education/596151/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exploring-summative-assessment-and-effects-primary-to-higher-education/596151.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Guten tag","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the research focus on regarding education levels and assessment?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It analyzes how assessment is structured across primary, elementary, secondary, and tertiary education, and how summative assessment fits into the evaluation process in Pakistan.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which sources of data are used to evaluate instructional and examination methods?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Data come from the Punjab Examination Commission (5th and 8th grade), BISE (9th grade), and Punjab University for the undergraduate level.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What factors are identified as contributors to poor academic performance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study links poor performance to an outdated evaluation process and inadequate curricula, with especially weak outcomes in English due to ineffective teaching methods.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596151,1792612168,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687212321768,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a0010bdbe886d2fe77?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1789897067658708522","Exploring Summative Assessment and Effects: Primary to Higher Education  \nKashifIshaq *, Abdul Majid Khan Rana** and Nor Azan Mat Zin***  \nAbstract  \nThis research explored the structure of primary, elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels of education and assessment in the academia of Pakistan. The fundamental purpose of the study was to contextualize the assessment system from primary to higher institutions and an examination of recent changes by the educational authorities. It began with a quick history of the examination system, summative assessment, and explained the current education system and the evaluation process in education. The data obtained from the Punjab Examination Commission (PEC) of 5th and 8th grade, from the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) of 9th grade, and the Punjab University for the undergraduate level was used to evaluate the instructional and examination methods. Results showed poor performance, especially in English, as it was not taught by applying modern and effective teaching methods. The outdated evaluation process and inadequate curricula are factors for poor performance.  \nKeywords: Assessment, teaching methods, examination system, primary, elementary, tertiary  \n*Ph.D. Scholar, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. [Email: kashifdsw@gmail.com](Email: kashifdsw@gmail.com)  \n**PhD Scholar, University of Lahore.  \n*** Professor, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia  \nIntroduction & Background  \nEducation, without distinction of race, sex, region, or religion, is regarded as a right of every child, and it is a means of social change that touches on every dimension of both a person and a community (GoP, 2010) . It plays a vital role in the psychological development of a child and finds essential for a nation's progress and a close connection to a country's economic growth. Also, it plays a crucial role in developing human capacity and accelerating economic growth through awareness, expertise, and social innovation (Pakistan Economic Survey, 2007-08; Khan, 2010) . Formal education is conducted through society's institutions and is called schools, colleges, universities, etc.(Government of Pakistan, 2010) .  \nThe school teaches expertise, skills, and knowledge as a structured system of instruction. Human resources expertise in an ever-increasingly dynamic, integrated, globalized world is an essential component of success. These abilities contribute to the development of living standards and improved life quality and provide vital prospects. The critical levels of education are primary, elementary, secondary, and higher education, but primary school education is the most significant and essential step as it provides a structure to Elementary, Secondary, and Higher education. The standard of higher education is determined by the quality of these educational levels (Khowaja, 2016) .  \nOur education system in spite of commissions and committees and a lot of wasteful experimentation is still not according to the development and need of the country. Most students flow from our universities, whereas the different roles connected with economic development have a lack of competent staff. There is very little cooperation among the community and organizations that produce trained professionals as well as those who require them for purposes of implementation (Khan, 1997; Khowaja, 2016). The field of education has not received much attention, as the standards of training go down every day. The low level of education is becoming a closely associated problem that parents, workers, and the general public are discussing. All students, teachers, and the educational system participate in this accusation in turn or together (Khan, 1997; Khowaja, 2016 ; Rizvi, 1996) .  \nSummative assessment  \nAssessment is a mechanism through which instructors determine their students’ learning level","cbCaiiMXJLPUStcZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiMXJLPUStcZ","pdf",251260,28,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction & Background\n# Summative assessment\n## Advantages of summative evaluation","[{\"question\":\"What does the research focus on regarding education levels and assessment?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes how assessment is structured across primary, elementary, secondary, and tertiary education, and how summative assessment fits into the evaluation process in Pakistan.\"},{\"question\":\"Which sources of data are used to evaluate instructional and examination methods?\",\"answer\":\"Data come from the Punjab Examination Commission (5th and 8th grade), BISE (9th grade), and Punjab University for the undergraduate level.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors are identified as contributors to poor academic performance?\",\"answer\":\"The study links poor performance to an outdated evaluation process and inadequate curricula, with especially weak outcomes in English due to ineffective teaching methods.\"}]","Exploring Summative Assessment and Effects: Primary to Higher Education | PDF",1792082538,71]