[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-591100-105":59,"doc-detail-591100-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","exploring-playfulness-levels-of-young-athletes-doing-individual-and-team-sports","Exploring playfulness levels of young athletes doing individual and team sports","","The research identified and compared playfulness levels in individuals aged 10–14 participating in individual and team sports. A sample of 356 participants was assessed using the “Playfulness Scale for 10–14-years-old Children” by Hazar as the data collection tool. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD and LSD for within-group comparisons. Internal consistency of the scale was .84. Participants showed high playfulness overall, with the highest Social Adaptation and the lowest Game Passion scores.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exploring-playfulness-levels-of-young-athletes-doing-individual-and-team-sports/591100/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exploring-playfulness-levels-of-young-athletes-doing-individual-and-team-sports/591100.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"McQueen","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main goal of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To identify and compare playfulness levels of individuals aged 10–14 involved in individual and team sports.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were playfulness levels measured?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Using the “Playfulness Scale for 10-14-years-old Children” developed by Hazar as the data collection tool.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which statistical methods were used to analyze the data?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Descriptive statistics, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD and LSD tests for within-group comparisons.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591100,1792191233,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},5909890329169,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","African Educational Research Journal Vol. 9(3), pp. 817-824, September 2021  \nDOI: 10. 30918/AERJ.93.21.122 ISSN: 2354-2160  \nFull Length Research Paper  \nExploring playfulness levels of young athletes doing individual and team sports  \nMerve Uca1*, Berk Hakan Yılmaz2, Tebessüm Ayyıldız Durhan3 and Temel Çakıroğlu4  \n1 Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Faculty of Sports Science, Istanbul Aydın University, Turkey. 2 Faculty of Sports Science, Sakarya University, Turkey.  \n3 Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sports Science, Gazi University, Turkey.  \n4 Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sports Science, Lokman Hekim University, Turkey.  \nAccepted 7 September, 2021  \n\n| ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>The present research aimed to identify and compare playfulness levels of individuals aged 10-14 years engaging in individual and team sports. The sample consisted of 356 participants. We employed acorrelational design and used the “Playfulness Scale for 10-14-years-old Children” developed by Hazar asthe data collection tool. In data analysis, we utilized descriptive statistics, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Tukey HSD and LSD tests for within-group comparisons. We computed the internal consistency coefficient of the scale to be .84. The results suggested that all participants showed high playfulness levels (97 .26 ± 16.02) and got the highest scores on the “Social Adaptation” sub-scale (40 .50 ± 6.67) while obtaining the lowest scores on the “Game Passion” sub-scale (21 .02 ± 7.00) . Overall, we determined that the participants significantly differed in playfulness by age and branch, but it was not the case by gender.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Individual and team sports, playfulness, sedentary, awareness. |\n| --- |\n| *Corresponding [author. E-mail: merveuca@aydin.edu.tr. Tel:](author. E-mail: merveuca@aydin.edu.tr. Tel:) 444 1 428-27502. |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThe term play has been the subject of many social disciplines, although there have been many different views about its meaning since the beginning of history. Play is defined as a purposeful or non-purposeful, intrinsically motivated, freely chosen, pleasure-seeking, and meaning-creating activity with or without a purpose or rule and as the most effective learning process that is the basis of physical, cognitive, linguistic, emotional, and social development of children (Johnson et al. , 2005; Isbell and Raines, 2007) .  \nPlay addresses the whole development of children from physical to intellectual and personal to emotional (Göncü and Gaskins, 2012) and is associated with all development areas (Sutton-Smith, 1979) . Manipulating objects is one of the primary ways for children to learn about and control their environment and develop positive social skills (Sutton-Smith, 2003) . In addition to the developmental impacts of play, it also has psychological benefits. It helps children cope with all kinds of pressure  \nand allows them to avoid stressful situations (Johnson et al. , 2005) . Young children often have poor verbal skills; therefore, they cannot easily express their feelings and opinions (Hall et al. , 2002) . In this regard, play can be considered a commonly used verbal expression tool and offers a safe option for children to cope with psychological problems such as trauma and stress (Porter et al. , 2009) .  \nNot all activities of children are defined as plays; for an activity to be considered a play, it must bear some characteristics (Skard and Bundy, 2008) . The most wanted aspect characterizing play is intrinsic motivation, in which the child’s play is motivated not by the rewards but by the play itself since a reward is an extrinsic motivation source (Rubin et al. , 1983) . Another criterion is free choice. Players should freely choose the play they will engage in and not be forced by adults into unwanted plays (Johnson et al. , 1999) . Pleasure or pleasureseeking is related to the positive impact of play. Besides,  \nAfr Educ Res J 818  \npl","cbCailPrPRnrSgl3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailPrPRnrSgl3","pdf",217738,"English","# Introduction\n## Definitions and conceptual background of play\n## Criteria of play and role of intrinsic motivation\n## Meaning of playfulness and its core elements\n## Individual characteristics and related factors","[{\"question\":\"What was the main goal of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To identify and compare playfulness levels of individuals aged 10–14 involved in individual and team sports.\"},{\"question\":\"How were playfulness levels measured?\",\"answer\":\"Using the “Playfulness Scale for 10-14-years-old Children” developed by Hazar as the data collection tool.\"},{\"question\":\"Which statistical methods were used to analyze the data?\",\"answer\":\"Descriptive statistics, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD and LSD tests for within-group comparisons.\"}]","Exploring playfulness levels of young athletes doing individual and team sports | PDF",1792071124]