[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-594065-105":59,"doc-detail-594065-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","exploring-advanced-efl-learners-awareness-of-communication-strategies","Exploring Advanced EFL Learners’ Awareness of Communication Strategies","","The study explores communication strategies used by Iranian advanced EFL learners to overcome communication problems and examines learners’ awareness of those strategies. Seventeen advanced EFL learners participated via snowball sampling, and open-ended interviews were analyzed using grounded theory coding. Iterative collection and analysis produced four main strategy categories: explicit, reciprocal, implicit, and reduction strategies. MAXQDA was used to visualize findings and reflect participants’ perspectives, informing learners, teachers, and materials developers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exploring-advanced-efl-learners-awareness-of-communication-strategies/594065/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exploring-advanced-efl-learners-awareness-of-communication-strategies/594065.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Franzy","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the purpose of the study on advanced EFL learners?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study aimed to explore the communication strategies used by Iranian advanced EFL learners and to examine their awareness of those strategies, including factors affecting strategy choice.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants and data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Seventeen advanced EFL learners were selected through snowball sampling. Their awareness was investigated using open-ended interviews, and the interview data were analyzed with grounded theory coding.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What main categories of communication strategies were identified?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The analysis yielded four main categories: explicit, reciprocal, implicit, and reduction strategies, each covering related subcategories.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},594065,1792166487,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478945519,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","| | \u003Cbr>Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics\u003Cbr>ISSN 2209-0959\u003Cbr>[https://www.castledown.com/journals/ajal/](https://www.castledown.com/journals/ajal/) |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(2), 64–76 (2022) [https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v5n2.686](https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v5n2.686)\u003Cbr>Exploring Advanced EFL Learners’Awareness of Communication Strategies\u003Cbr>SEYYED ALI OSTOVAR-NAMAGHIa\u003Cbr>FERESHTEH MOHITa\u003Cbr>MOSTAFA MORADY MOGHADDAMa\u003Cbr>a Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IRAN [ostovarnamaghi@shahroodut.ac.ir](ostovarnamaghi@shahroodut.ac.ir), [mmoghaddam@shahroodut.ac.ir](mmoghaddam@shahroodut.ac.ir) |  | |\n| Abstract\u003Cbr>The present study explores communication strategies used by Iranian advanced EFL learners to overcome communication problems. This study aims to explore EFL learners’ awareness of communication strategies. To this end, 17 advanced EFL learners who were willing to participate in the study were selected through snowball sampling. Their awareness of communication strategies was then explored through open-ended interviews and analyzed in line with the coding schemes of grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1991) . Iterative data collection and analysis yielded four main categories including explicit, reciprocal, implicit, and reduction strategies. Each of these strategies covers some subcategories. To visualize the findings and explore the degree to which the abstracted strategies reflect the participants’perspective, the transcribed data, along with the emerged strategies were fed to MAXQDA. This study can contribute to effective oral communication by elaborating on the notion of communication strategies and reaching communicative goals. The findings have implications for language learners, language teachers, and materials developers.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Communication strategies (CSs); Comprehension; EFL learners; Sociolinguistic competence, Speech production. |  |  |\n\nCopyright: © 2022 Ostovar-Namaghi, Mohit & Morady Moghaddam. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  \nData Availability Statement: All relevant data are within this paper.  \nIntroduction  \nCommunication plays an important role in human life. According to Thao (2005), communication is introduced as a process in which a concept or a message is converted from senders to receivers. Technically, it is stated that the sender encodes or translates thoughts and opinions into messages, and the receiver decodes or translates messages into thoughts. Communication helps people to convey or share messages effectively and to exchange meaning (Cap, 2021; Clark & Fey, 2020) . Oral communication in the English language is challenging for most EFL learners. Hence, learning and teaching how to use one’s knowledge of the language to exchange a message effectively and appropriately need to be investigated deeply, so that we know better the underlying mechanisms of communication. Communication strategies (henceforth CSs) as compensatory tools provide an elaborate framework for analyzing how learners express themselves appropriately regardless of their limited knowledge of the target language. Even native speakers of any language sometimes face problems finding the best grammatical structure or the most appropriate venue when they are trying to interact with others.  \nThat being the case, in spite of the fact that EFL learners can master the knowledge of the language and have a presumably high level of language competence, sometimes they encounter communication breakdowns when they are not able to manage communication properly. Thus, language learners can resort to some techniques and strategies to enable them better interact through the target language. Communication strategies as alternative tools c","cbCaifjDiITCjLtb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifjDiITCjLtb","pdf",263191,13,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature Review","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the study on advanced EFL learners?\",\"answer\":\"The study aimed to explore the communication strategies used by Iranian advanced EFL learners and to examine their awareness of those strategies, including factors affecting strategy choice.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants and data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Seventeen advanced EFL learners were selected through snowball sampling. Their awareness was investigated using open-ended interviews, and the interview data were analyzed with grounded theory coding.\"},{\"question\":\"What main categories of communication strategies were identified?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis yielded four main categories: explicit, reciprocal, implicit, and reduction strategies, each covering related subcategories.\"}]","Exploring Advanced EFL Learners’ Awareness of Communication Strategies | PDF",1792078464,33]