[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-358842-105":59,"doc-detail-358842-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","exosomes-as-pivotal-mediators-of-tumor-immune-communication-implications-for-immunotherapy-and-liquid-biopsy","Exosomes as Pivotal Mediators of Tumor-Immune Communication - Implications for Immunotherapy and Liquid Biopsy","","Exosomes are membrane-bound vesicles secreted by diverse cell types and loaded with DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, and proteins. Their functions in cancer progression are context dependent, reflecting cancer type, genetic background, and stage. In the tumor immune microenvironment, exosomes act as key mediators that can drive either immunosuppression or antitumor immunity. This comprehensive review synthesizes exosome-based immunotherapeutic strategies, evaluates isolation and characterization technologies, and highlights their implications for liquid biopsy, real-time immune monitoring, and predictive biomarkers, supporting precision immuno-oncology.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exosomes-as-pivotal-mediators-of-tumor-immune-communication-implications-for-immunotherapy-and-liquid-biopsy/358842/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exosomes-as-pivotal-mediators-of-tumor-immune-communication-implications-for-immunotherapy-and-liquid-biopsy/358842.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Levi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What biological role do exosomes play in tumor-immune communication?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Exosomes mediate intercellular communication in the tumor immune microenvironment by transferring bioactive molecules between tumor and immune cells. They can contribute to immune evasion as well as antitumor immune responses depending on context.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does this review connect exosomes to cancer immunotherapy?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review synthesizes recent exosome-based immunotherapeutic regimens and emphasizes enhanced efficacy when combined with modalities such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy. It also discusses their application value for future personalized treatments.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why are exosomes important for liquid biopsy and biomarker development?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Emerging technologies for isolating and characterizing exosomes are evaluated for their ability to support liquid biopsy platforms. The review links these advances to real-time immune surveillance and the development of predictive biomarkers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},358842,1790179506,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":26},7971461740909,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","International Journal of Nanomedicine  \n Open Access Full Text Article  \nREVIEW  \nExosomes as Pivotal Mediators of Tumor-Immune Communication: Implications for Immunotherapy and Liquid Biopsy  \nMenglin Wei 1 , 2 , *, Dongli Wang 1 , 2 , *, Wenrong Xu 1 , 2 , Xueyan Zang 1 , Jiajia Jiang 1 , 2  \n1Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Center of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215600, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, People’s Republic of China  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work  \nCorrespondence: Jiajia Jiang; Xueyan Zang, Email [jiangjiajia_2001@163.com](jiangjiajia_2001@163.com); [Zangxy726@163.com](Zangxy726@163.com)  \n\n| Abstract: Exosomes are membrane-bound vesicles secreted by almost all types of cells, including but not limited to immune cells, neurons, epithelial cells, and cancer cells. Exosomes carry DNA, RNA, lipids, metabolites, as well as cytoplasmic and cell surface proteins. Their role in cancer progression is dynamic and is related to the type of cancer, genetics, and stage. At the same time, exosomes have attracted widespread attention as key mediators of intercellular communication in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) . This comprehensive review delineates the pleiotropic roles of exosomes in tumor immunobiology, emphasizing their bimodal capacity to either foster immunosuppression or potentiate antitumor immunity. We systematically synthesize recent advancements in exosome-based immunotherapeutic regimens, with particular emphasis on their synergistic efficacy when integrated with established modalities, namely immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy. Furthermore, we critically appraise emergent technologies for exosome isolation and characterization, underscoring their transformative implications for liquid biopsy platforms in real-time immune surveillance and the development of predictive biomarkers. This review posits exosome-centric strategies as a paradigm-shifting frontier in precision immuno-oncology, furnishing innovative remedies for recalcitrant therapeutic hurdles and propelling the advancement of personalized oncology care.\u003Cbr>Keywords: exosome, tumor immune microenvironment, cancer immunotherapy, biomarker, liquid biopsy |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Exosomes are a type of membrane vesicle with a diameter of 40–100 nm, actively secreted by cells through the endocytosisfusion-exocytosis process, and are widely found in bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva.1,2 Since exosomes were discovered in 1983, research has continued to deepen, and they are currently developing rapidly in clinical therapy. These nanosized carriers are abundant in biofluids, such as blood and saliva, and encapsulate diverse biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, reflecting their cellular origin and pathophysiological states. Growing evidence underscores their pleiotropic functions in intercellular communication through the horizontal transfer of bioactive molecules, playing critical roles in tumor progression by mediating immune evasion, metastatic niche formation, and therapeutic resistance.3 The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamically remodeled ecosystem composed of malignant cells, immunosuppressive components (eg, regulatory T cells, M2 macrophages), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and a dysregulated extracellular matrix, collectively forming a self-reinforcing niche that facilitates tumor progression.4 Accumulating studies have highlighted the powerful role of exosome within the TME, where they mediate information exchange between tumor cells and immune cells, which is a new direction for cancer immunotherapy in the future. However, current research on exosomes from v","cbCainUrQtOPE4ew","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainUrQtOPE4ew","pdf",6397361,24,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Exosomes in tumor immune microenvironment\n# Exosomes as mediators of information exchange\n## Effects on angiogenesis and tumor progression","[{\"question\":\"What biological role do exosomes play in tumor-immune communication?\",\"answer\":\"Exosomes mediate intercellular communication in the tumor immune microenvironment by transferring bioactive molecules between tumor and immune cells. They can contribute to immune evasion as well as antitumor immune responses depending on context.\"},{\"question\":\"How does this review connect exosomes to cancer immunotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"The review synthesizes recent exosome-based immunotherapeutic regimens and emphasizes enhanced efficacy when combined with modalities such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy. It also discusses their application value for future personalized treatments.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are exosomes important for liquid biopsy and biomarker development?\",\"answer\":\"Emerging technologies for isolating and characterizing exosomes are evaluated for their ability to support liquid biopsy platforms. The review links these advances to real-time immune surveillance and the development of predictive biomarkers.\"}]","Exosomes as Pivotal Mediators of Tumor-Immune Communication - Implications for Immunotherapy and Liquid Biopsy | PDF",1790135442]