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Exosomes are extracellular nano-sized vesicles carrying diverse molecular cargo, including proteins, and they support key tumor behaviors through intercellular transfer. This mini review discusses how exosome-derived proteins contribute to diagnostic and prognostic value in gastric cancer, and details their biological functions across proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, immune response, angiogenesis, and therapy, including traditional Chinese medicine approaches, highlighting potential directions for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exosome-derived-proteins-in-gastric-cancer-progression-drug-resistance-and-immune-response-mini-review/340673/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/exosome-derived-proteins-in-gastric-cancer-progression-drug-resistance-and-immune-response-mini-review/340673.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodora","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are exosome-derived proteins important in gastric cancer?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Exosomes carry proteins that influence cancer development and cellular communication. Exosomal proteins can also function as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis in gastric cancer.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which gastric cancer processes are linked to exosomal proteins in the review?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review summarizes roles in proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, immune response, angiogenesis, and therapy-related processes, including traditional Chinese medicine approaches.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What technological advance drives increasing attention to exosomal cargo proteins?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Rapid development of mass spectrometry-based detection enables detailed analysis of exosomal cargo proteins, increasing research focus on their diagnostic and biological relevance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},340673,1790059005,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},687197207919,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000253d6f5f7c60be?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779446848396160552","Wang et al.  \nCellular & Molecular Biology Letters (2024) 29:157 [https://doi.org/10.1](https://doi.org/10.1) 186/s11658‑024‑00676‑5  \nCellular & Molecular Biology Letters  \nMINI REVIEW Open Access  \nExosome‑derived proteins in gastric cancer   progression, drug resistance, and immune response  \nJiayu Wang2,3†, Huan Zhang2†, Juntao Li3, Xiangyu Ni2,3, Wenying Yan4,5,6*, Yueqiu Chen1* and Tongguo Shi2,3*  \n\n| †Jiayu Wang and Huan Zhang have contributed equally. |\n| --- |\n| *Correspondence: [wyyan@suda.edu.cn](wyyan@suda.edu.cn);\u003Cbr>[chenyq@suda.edu.cn](chenyq@suda.edu.cn); [shitg@suda.edu.cn](shitg@suda.edu.cn) |\n\n1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China  \n2 Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou 215000, China  \n3 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China  \n4 Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China  \n5 Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China  \n6 Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Suzhou, China  \nAbstract  \nGastric cancer (GC) represents a prevalent malignancy globally, often diagnosed at advanced stages owing to subtle early symptoms, resulting in a poor prognosis. Exosomes are extracellular nano-sized vesicles and are secreted by various cells. Mounting evidence indicates that exosomes contain a wide range of molecules, such as DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins, and play crucial roles in multiple cancers including GC. Recently, with the rapid development of mass spectrometry-based detection technology, researchers have paid increasing attention to exosomal cargo proteins. In this review, we discussed the origin of exosomes and the diagnostic and prognostic roles of exosomal proteins in GC. Moreover, we summarized the biological functions of exosomal proteins in GC processes, such as proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, immune response, angiogenesis, and traditional Chinese medicine therapy. In summary, this review synthesizes current advancements in exosomal proteins associated with GC, offering insights that could pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for GC in the foreseeable future.  \nKeywords: Gastric cancer, Exosome, Exosomal protein, Biomarker, Drug resistance, Immune response, Therapy  \nBackground  \nAccording to global cancer statistics in 2020, gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in terms of its prevalence rate and fourth as the leading cause of global cancer-related mortality [1]. Multiple risk factors, such as genetics (genetic susceptibility, epigenetics), Helicobacter pylori, intestinal microbes, and chronic inflammation, contribute to the development and progression of GC [1, 2]. Conventional therapeutic modalities, such as endoscopic resection, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy, have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with GC. However, the survival rate of patients diagnosed at advanced stage or presenting with metastasis remains notably low [3, 4]. Consequently, the identification of novel, effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies assumes paramount importance in ameliorating the prognosis and enhancing the quality of life for individuals afflicted with GC.  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes we","cbCaigk86IBueasD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigk86IBueasD","pdf",1276506,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n## Cancer burden and risk factors\n## Limitations of current therapies and need for biomarkers\n# Exosomes and exosomal protein cargo\n## Exosome biology and communication\n## Exosomal proteins as biomarkers\n# Review focus in gastric cancer\n## Diagnostic and prognostic roles\n## Mechanisms and therapeutic implications","[{\"question\":\"Why are exosome-derived proteins important in gastric cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Exosomes carry proteins that influence cancer development and cellular communication. Exosomal proteins can also function as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis in gastric cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"Which gastric cancer processes are linked to exosomal proteins in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review summarizes roles in proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, immune response, angiogenesis, and therapy-related processes, including traditional Chinese medicine approaches.\"},{\"question\":\"What technological advance drives increasing attention to exosomal cargo proteins?\",\"answer\":\"Rapid development of mass spectrometry-based detection enables detailed analysis of exosomal cargo proteins, increasing research focus on their diagnostic and biological relevance.\"}]","Exosome-derived proteins in gastric cancer progression, drug resistance, and immune response - Mini Review | PDF",1790038097,38]