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Data from the Virginia Department of Education for the 2012–2013 school year include Virginia Standards of Learning results, socioeconomic status, student attendance, minority population, and teacher quality. Hierarchical multiple regression is used to analyze the research questions. Results show significant relationships involving socioeconomic status, attendance, and minority status, and indicate large schools outperform small schools when controlling for selected variables.",{"@graph":69,"@context":114},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/examining-secondary-student-achievement-in-large-and-small-high-schools-in-virginia/602752/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/examining-secondary-student-achievement-in-large-and-small-high-schools-in-virginia/602752.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What do the results suggest about socioeconomic status and school size?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Socioeconomic status relates significantly to achievement overall, but when student population size is introduced, the effect for socioeconomic status is not significant; the conclusion is that the issue is not rooted in high school population size alone.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":116,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":118,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":120,"site_id":62},602752,1792930497,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":123},{"doc_id":120,"user_id":124,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":125,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":126,"file_id":127,"file_url":128,"file_type":129,"file_size":130,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":131,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":132,"faqs":133,"seo_title":134,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":135,"read_time":31},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","EXAMINING SECONDARY STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT IN LARGE AND SMALL HIGH SCHOOLS IN VIRGINIA  \nMICHAEL J. BROWN  \nRadford City Public Schools, Virginia  \nGLEN I. EARTHMAN  \nVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University  \nABSTRACT  \nThe purpose of this study was to examine large and small high schools in Virginia to try to understand if the high school student population size influenced the student achievement of eleventh grade students based on identied predictor variables. From the literature review, the main research question, five guiding questions, and a methodology were developed that would best aid in the analysis of the data. Data were collected from the Virginia Department of Education for the 2012-2013 school year that consisted of eleventh grade Virginia Standards of Learning assessments, socioeconomic status, student attendance, minority population, and teacher quality. Hierarchical multiple regression was the statistical method used to analyze the data for the research questions.  \nThe results of the study indicate there is a significant relationship between socioeconomic status, student attendance, minority status and student achievement. However, when student population size was introduced, the result for socio-economic status was not significant. The overall conclusion regarding socioeconomic status and student achievement is that the issue is not rooted in the size of a high school population, but in the school as a whole.  \nOverall, results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between a high school student population size and student achievement when statistically controllingfor selected variables. From the data derived in this study, students in large high schools academically perform better than small high schools in Virginia when selected variables are controlled.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nThe average number of school buildings per district has fallen in the United States since the 1940’s (Lawrence, 2004, p. 41) . Meanwhile, student population in the United States has increased steadily since 1985 and is projected to set new records every year from 2012 to 2021 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010) . The increase in student population since the 1940’s has led to larger schools throughout the United States (Lawrence, 2004, p. 41) . With an increase in student population size, educational administrators encounter numerous challenges in regards to providing optimal learning conditions and student achievement (Stewart, 2009, p. 20) .  \nEducational administrators are tasked with planning for and facilitating appropriate means in which to ensure success for the students they serve (Brown, Finch, & MacGregor, 2012, p. 207) . Students’academic achievement as it relates to the size of a school population has been debated and studied by scholars for a number ofyears. A review of relevant literature notes some of the benefits and detriments of school population size as it relates to student achievement, curriculum, and cost–  \nEducational Planning 21 Vol. 26, No. 4  \nefficiency (Fowler & Walberg, 1991; Lee & Smith, 1997; Leithwood & Jantzi, 2009; Lindahl & Cain, Sr., 2012; Program Review & Investigations Committee, 2006; Roby, 2004; Stewart, 2009) .  \nRESEARCH QUESTIONS  \nThe main research question of this study consists of the following: What is the relationship between a high school student population size and student achievement when statistically controlling for selected variables? To examine the relationship that a high school student population may have with student achievement, the following research sub-questions were utilized to guide this study:  \n1. What is the relationship between high school student population size and student achievement as measured by student performance on the Virginia Standards of Learning (SOL) in English reading and writing, U.S. History, Chemistry, and Algebra II assessments when socioeconomic status, student attendance, minority population, and teacher quality are statistically controlled?","cbCaiiU7B1QZdLpP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiU7B1QZdLpP","pdf",2886446,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Research Questions\n# Significance of the Study","[{\"question\":\"What do the results suggest about socioeconomic status and school size?\",\"answer\":\"Socioeconomic status relates significantly to achievement overall, but when student population size is introduced, the effect for socioeconomic status is not significant; the conclusion is that the issue is not rooted in high school population size alone.\"}]","Examining Secondary Student Achievement in Large and Small High Schools in Virginia | PDF",1792095176]