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\n[luanlazzari@edu.unisinos.br](luanlazzari@edu.unisinos.br)[ ](luanlazzari@edu.unisinos.br)Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil  \nKleinner Farias  \n[kleinnerfarias@unisinos.br](kleinnerfarias@unisinos.br)[ ](kleinnerfarias@unisinos.br)Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil  \narXiv :2511 .07742v1 [ cs . SE] 11 Nov 2025  \nABSTRACT  \nModeling is a central and demanding activity in software engineering that requires skills such as abstraction, consistency maintenance, and precise communication. These skills are difficult to master and even harder to teach effectively. Educators and students often struggle to understand and manage inconsistencies that arise during the modeling process. To address this challenge, we present Harmony Validator, a tool integrated as a plugin for the Papyrus modeling environment, designed to automatically detect and report inconsistencies in UML models, including class and sequence diagrams. The tool adopts an event-driven architecture that continuously monitors modeling actions and notifies users of emerging inconsistencies in real time. This approach enhances awareness of model integrity and supports the iterative refinement of design artifacts. The paper describes the architecture, detection mechanisms, and usage scenarios of Harmony Validator. It also includes a case study conducted with students in a software engineering course to evaluate the perceived usefulness and benefits of UML modeling in teaching and learning. Our results indicate that Harmony Validator fosters a better understanding of model consistency and promotes reflective learning practices in software modeling education.  \nKEYWORDS  \nEvent-driven architecture; EDA; UML models; Model Inconsistencies  \n1 INTRODUCTION  \nHigh-quality documentation significantly increases the success of software projects [4, 14, 19, 24] . This is particularly evident for visual documentation based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML) [18], which remains a central artifact in both academia and industry [10, 11] . UML diagrams foster shared understanding, encourage design discussions, and support reasoning about system structure and behavior [8, 19] . Recent evidence shows that UMLis regaining attention as a standard medium for documenting and communicating software design decisions [19] . In educational settings, UML enhances the teaching of abstraction, decomposition, and communication skills. In industry, consistent UML documentation [5, 6, 25] improves knowledge transfer across teams and contributes to software maintainability and quality [1, 9] . Empirical findings demonstrate that developers achieve higher functional correctness and introduce fewer defects during maintenance when UML models are up-to-date and consistent [1, 4, 8, 17] . These studies reinforce the importance of inconsistency detection to sustain the reliability of UML models and to preserve their benefits for software comprehension and evolution.  \nThe Harmony Validator tool (Table 1) was conceived to address an ongoing challenge in model-driven engineering, i.e., the automatic detection of inconsistencies across UML diagrams [22, 23] . As software systems evolve, disagreements often arise between structural (class) and behavioral (sequence) diagrams, leading to conceptual mismatches that compromise model integrity. Manual validation of these relationships is error-prone and time-consuming, particularly in collaborative modeling environments. Existing tools typically detect inconsistencies through post-hoc or batch verification, providing limited real-time support [16, 26] . Harmony Validator fills this gap through an event-driven architecture that continuously monitors modeling actions and reports inconsistencies as they occur. This design supports both students and practitioners in identifying, interpreting, a","cbCaigHLRnEuTaBT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigHLRnEuTaBT","pdf",1929831,"English","# Abstract\n# 1 Introduction\n## UML modeling and consistency challenges\n## Harmony Validator approach and event-driven monitoring\n## Real-time inconsistency detection in Papyrus","[{\"question\":\"What problem does Harmony Validator address in UML modeling?\",\"answer\":\"It targets the automatic detection of inconsistencies across UML diagrams, especially mismatches between structural (class) and behavioral (sequence) views.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Harmony Validator detect inconsistencies?\",\"answer\":\"It uses an event-driven architecture that continuously monitors modeling actions and issues real-time notifications highlighting affected elements.\"},{\"question\":\"What technologies and deployment approach does the tool use?\",\"answer\":\"Harmony Validator is built on model validation and event-driven systems, integrates Apache Kafka for event handling, is implemented in Java, and is deployed using Docker containers.\"}]","Event-Driven Inconsistency Detection Between UML Class and Sequence Diagrams - Part 1 - Abstract | PDF",13]