[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-380683-105":59,"doc-detail-380683-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","evaluation-of-the-safety-and-feasibility-of-electrochemotherapy-with-intravenous-bleomycin-as-local-treatment-of-bladder-cancer-in-dogs","Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs","","Evaluation focuses on local control of canine urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, where most cases invade the muscular layer and often require radical surgery with high morbidity. A prospective study assessed electrochemotherapy using intravenous bleomycin as local therapy in 21 dogs with spontaneous bladder urothelial carcinoma, excluding major metastasis patterns and serosal infiltration. No deaths occurred during electrochemotherapy or immediate postoperative follow-up, mild adverse effects were common, and response included complete and partial response rates, with overall survival related to complete response.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/evaluation-of-the-safety-and-feasibility-of-electrochemotherapy-with-intravenous-bleomycin-as-local-treatment-of-bladder-cancer-in-dogs/380683/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/evaluation-of-the-safety-and-feasibility-of-electrochemotherapy-with-intravenous-bleomycin-as-local-treatment-of-bladder-cancer-in-dogs/380683.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mary Man","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the aim of the study on electrochemotherapy for canine bladder cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy using intravenous bleomycin as a local treatment for bladder urothelial carcinoma in dogs.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What adverse effects and complications were observed after electrochemotherapy?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Most dogs developed mild adverse effects, while ureteral stenosis occurred in two dogs; no deaths were reported during electrochemotherapy or the immediate postoperative period.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How effective was the treatment in achieving tumor responses and survival outcomes?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Complete response was achieved in 62% of cases and partial response in 24%; dogs with complete response had significantly better overall survival, with median survival around 284 days.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},380683,1790327331,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},7421720224475,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports)  \nOPEN  \nEvaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy  \nwith intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs  \nMarcelo Monte Mor Rangel1, Laís Calazans Menescal Linhares2*, Krishna Duro de Oliveira 3, Daniela Ota Hisayasu Suzuki4, Felipe Horacio Maglietti 5 & Andrigo Barboza de Nardi2  \nLocal treatment of canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a challenge. More than 90% of the cases invade the muscular layer, more than 50% develop on bladder sites with a difficult surgical approach and often requiring radical surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy (ECT) with intravenous bleomycin (BLM) as a local therapy for bladder UC. This prospective study included 21 dogs with spontaneous bladder UC. Regional/distant metastases and neoplastic infiltration of the serosa was considered the main exclusion criteria. We had no deaths during ECT or in the immediate postoperative period, and no suture dehiscence. Most dogs (19/21) developed mild adverse effects, whereas two dogs developed ureteral stenosis. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 62% of the cases (13/21), while partial response (PR) was achieved in 24%(5/21). The median survival and disease-free survival times were 284 and 270 days, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the dogs who achieved a CR. In conclusion, ECT was welltolerated in dogs with UC, demonstrating its safety and feasibility. These data pave the way for new studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of ECT in canine bladder UC as a translational model for human disease.  \nUrothelial carcinoma (UC) is considered the most commonly diagnosed malignant bladder neoplasm, accounting for approximately 1.5–2% of all naturally occurring cancers, both in humans and dogs1. According to the World Health Organization staging system for canine bladder tumors, they are classified according to the degree of invasion into the bladder wall, being classified as T2 the tumors invading the muscle layer and T3 the tumors invading neighboring structures, as urethra and prostate (Supplementary Table 1)2. In humans, the staging system is similar, but muscle-invasive disease is classified as T3 or higher2. More than 90% of affected dogs present at T2 stage or higher (InvUC), which is most commonly located in the trigone of the bladder, extending down to the urethra in more than 50% of cases3–5. Therefore, the surgical approach for these tumors is a great challenge, as partial cystectomy is possible in only a few cases, mainly when the trigone is not involved6–8.  \nTotal cystectomy is not usually performed in dogs because they are commonly in advanced stages ofthe disease and also because of the higher morbidity and mortality associated with the procedure4,9–12. It is important to highlight that even in the best case scenarios when partial cystectomy is possible, the tumor recurrence rate is still high, ranging from 66 to 100%5,6,8, 13, 14.  \nRadiation therapy is not commonly used for bladder cancer in dogs mainly because of its side effects, as reported in the literature15–17. However, newer radiation protocols have shown better tolerability, encouraging further investigations18–20.  \nCurrently, medical therapy is the mainstay for InvUC in canines. The combination of chemotherapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) improves clinical signs and provides disease control in 80%  \n1VetCancer Veterinary Oncology, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 2School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP)“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. 3VCLab Pathology, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 4Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. 5Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Fundación Barceló-CONICET, Bueno","cbCaio7m2nH9Re1B","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaio7m2nH9Re1B","pdf",1841726,15,"English","# Background\n## Canine urothelial carcinoma and treatment challenges\n## Limitations of surgery and radiotherapy\n# Study design\n## Prospective inclusion and exclusion criteria\n# Results\n## Adverse effects\n## Tumor response and survival outcomes\n# Conclusion and translational implications","[{\"question\":\"What was the aim of the study on electrochemotherapy for canine bladder cancer?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy using intravenous bleomycin as a local treatment for bladder urothelial carcinoma in dogs.\"},{\"question\":\"What adverse effects and complications were observed after electrochemotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"Most dogs developed mild adverse effects, while ureteral stenosis occurred in two dogs; no deaths were reported during electrochemotherapy or the immediate postoperative period.\"},{\"question\":\"How effective was the treatment in achieving tumor responses and survival outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"Complete response was achieved in 62% of cases and partial response in 24%; dogs with complete response had significantly better overall survival, with median survival around 284 days.\"}]","Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin as local treatment of bladder cancer in dogs | PDF",1790241255,38]