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Results show enhanced cytotoxicity in HCT116 with the combination but reduced cytotoxicity in HEK293.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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is the goal of this study regarding caffeine and 5-FU?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To evaluate the combined effects of caffeine and 5-fluorouracil on colorectal cancer cells, including whether caffeine changes 5-FU outcomes.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Which cell lines were used and what was compared?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"HCT116 colorectal cancer cells and HEK293 normal cells were cultured, then compared for cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and migration rate.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How did caffeine affect 5-FU cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HCT116 cells?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The combination increased cytotoxicity in HCT116 cells, and caffeine appears to reverse the apoptotic effect of 5-FU in these cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},330794,1790792726,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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of the Combined Effect of Caffeine and 5-Fluorouracil on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines  \nFatemeh Khavari1, Mohammad Taheri2,3, Hamed Manoochehri4, PejmanMolaei2, Fatemeh Nouri2,5 *  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death. Today, there are several options for treating colorectal cancer such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. 5-Fluorouracil is known as a suitable candidate for the treatment of various cancers, especially colorectal cancer. However, the use of this drug is limited, so it is usually used in combination with other drugs and agents. Based on the evidence obtained, this study attempted to evaluate the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil and caffeine on colorectal cancer cells. Methods: In this study, initially HCT116 and HEK293 cell lines were cultured as cancer and normal cells, respectively. These cell lines were then evaluated for cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis, and rate of cell migration. All data were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: The results indicated that a combination of caffeine and 5-FU augmented their cytotoxicity in HCT116 cells but reduced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. No reduction was observed in the migration of HCT116 cells that were treated with caffeine or a combination of caffeine and 5-FU. Also, it seems that caffeine reverses the apoptotic effect of 5-FU in HCT116 cells.  \nKeywords: Colorectal neoplasm-5-Fluorouracil-Caffeine  \nAsian Pac J Cancer Prev, 25 (4), 1419-1424  \nIntroduction  \nColorectal cancer (CRC), which includes colon and/or rectum malignancies, is one of the most common cancersand is considered the third cause of cancer-related deaths [1] . Colorectal cancer, as a multifactorial disease, is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in more severe stages [2] . There are several options for treating colorectal cancer, the most important of which are chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and gene therapy. The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the location and size of the tumor and the status of the disease in the body. However, each treatment method has some side effects that limit its use [3] .  \nToday, coffee is one of the most popular beverages used in all countries, which contains various chemical compounds. The most famous compound in coffee beans is caffeine or 1, 3, and 7 trimethyl xanthine [4-6]. The purine alkaloid caffeine is involved in numerous essential cellular processes, such as DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and defense against oxidative stress. Caffeine is a neuroactive  \ncompound that is absorbed by the digestive system with high speed and percentage after consumption. Many studies have also shown that caffeine consumption plays an effective role in reducing the risk of breast, brain, liver, colorectal, and kidney cancers [7-9]. In colorectal cancer, caffeine is believed to exert a significant influence on both the prevention and pathogenesis of this malignancy. It achieves this by impeding the progression and metastasis of cancerous cells through the regulation of chronic inflammation, augmentation of free radical receptor activity, and modulation of key pathways, including PI3K/ AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and TGF-β [10-13] .  \nChemotherapeutic agents such as oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, and irinotecan are employed in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) . 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) stands as the primary chemotherapy option for patients in the early stages of the disease. This antimetabolite drug can be administered independently or in conjunction with other anti-cancer compounds. By inhibiting thymidylate synthase, an enzyme crucial for DNA replication, 5-FU induces DNA damage and  \n1Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2Research Centerfor ","cbCaipD1RNBrbKhH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipD1RNBrbKhH","pdf",768727,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n## Cell culture","[{\"question\":\"What is the goal of this study regarding caffeine and 5-FU?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the combined effects of caffeine and 5-fluorouracil on colorectal cancer cells, including whether caffeine changes 5-FU outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"Which cell lines were used and what was compared?\",\"answer\":\"HCT116 colorectal cancer cells and HEK293 normal cells were cultured, then compared for cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and migration rate.\"},{\"question\":\"How did caffeine affect 5-FU cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HCT116 cells?\",\"answer\":\"The combination increased cytotoxicity in HCT116 cells, and caffeine appears to reverse the apoptotic effect of 5-FU in these cells.\"}]","Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Caffeine and 5-Fluorouracil on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines | PDF",1789990155,15]