[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-56337-en":3,"doc-seo-56337-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":94},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},56337,1374391975076,"Riley","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051",7,"Healthcare","Evaluation of Positioning Errors in PA Chest Radiography","Routine posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography depends on optimal technique to achieve diagnostic efficacy. This study evaluates positioning errors and technical imperfections to expose systematic workflow problems and to measure adherence to standard radiographic protocols. A cross-sectional review of 66 consecutive PA chest radiographs (Feb 2026–Apr 2026) used a standardized checklist to assess scapular superimposition, patient rotation, collimation accuracy, and avoidable artifacts. Results showed an 86.4% rejection rate, driven mainly by collimation errors and scapular overlap.","| Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research\u003Cbr>Al-Kitab University\u003Cbr>College of Medical Technology Department of X-ray and Ultrasound |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Evaluation of Positioning Errors in PA Chest Radiography\u003Cbr>Prepared by students\u003Cbr> 1. Abdulawal Abdullah Ibrahim 4. Aylarayden noori\u003Cbr>2. Mohammed Muayad Mohammed 5. Mohammed Abd Khalaf\u003Cbr>3. Layla Nayef Abdullatif 6. Noura Khairallah Hamad\u003Cbr>To:\u003Cbr>The Radiology and Ultrasound Department Council – College of Medical Technology –Al-Kitab University, fulfilling the requirements for obtaining a Bachelor's degree in the Radiology and Ultrasound Department\u003Cbr>Supervised by Professor\u003Cbr>Dr. Amanj Jalal\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr> |  |\n| 2026 AD 1447 AH |  |\n\n{ َوقُلِ اعْ َملُوا َفسََيرَى الَّلهُ عََمَلكُمَْورَسُوُلهُ َوا ْلمُؤْ ِمنُونَ}  \nصدق الله العظيم  \n(سورة التوبة لآا ية 501 )  \nII  \n\n| الإهداء\u003Cbr>﴿وَآخِر دَ عْ وَاىمْ أَنِ الْ حَ مْ د لِمَّوِ رَ ب الْ عَالَمِينَ﴾\u003Cbr>الحمد ﵀ الذي بنعمتو تتم الصالحات، وبفضمو وتوفيقو بمغنا ختام ىذه الرحمة العممية التي لم\u003Cbr>.تكن قصيرة، بل كانت محطات من الصبر والمثابرةإلى من قال ا ﵀ تعالى فييما ﴿ :وَقل رَّ ب ارْ حَ مْ يمَا كَ مَا رَبَّيَانِي صَ غِيرًا﴾\u003Cbr>.. إلى آبائنا الأجلاء\u003Cbr>إلى من غمرونا بالييبة والوقار، وعممونا العطاء دون انتظار . إلى من نرى في وجوىيمحصاد تعبنا، والى من رحل منيم وبقي أثره ودعاؤه يحيط بنا من حيث لا نشعر .. جزاكم ا ﵀\u003Cbr>. عنا خير الجزاء وأسكن الراحمين فسيح جناتو.. إلى أمياتنا الحبيبات\u003Cbr>إلى من جعل ا ﵀ الجنة تحت أقدامين، إلى القموب التي احتوتنا حباً ، والى الأيدي التي\u003Cbr>. أمسكت بنا في كل عثرة. أنتن سر التوفيق، وأصل كل نجاح نصل إليو.. إلى سَنَ دِنا الدائم في ىذه الحياة. )إلى من كانوا لنا قوةً حين نضعف، وعوناً حين نثقل .. ( إخوتنا وأخواتنا\u003Cbr>.. إلى رفقاء الدرب والرحمة\u003Cbr>إلى الأصدقاء الأوفياء، وكل من شاركنا لحظات التعب قبل الفرح، ومن كان لنا عوناً وسنداً\u003Cbr>.بكممة أو موقف\u003Cbr>نيديكم ىذا الإنجاز .. ثمرةَ جيد طال انتظاره.\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>III |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  |  |\n\n\n| Acknowledgment\u003Cbr>First of all thanks to God Almighty for showering blessings throughout our research work to complete Search successfully It is our pleasure and duty of gratitude to crown this effort with sincere thanks to our honorable lecture (Dr. Amanj Jalal) because of the special care and attention he showed, he was sincere and honest in giving valuable notes and guidance during the study period and during the preparation of the research, so his opinions had a great impact To produce this research, he has given him a lot of his knowledge and effort, so may God reward him on our behalf with the best reward, and provide him with health and a long life.\u003Cbr>Last but not least, we thank Al-Kitab University and specifically the Department of Radiology for their assistance and creating the appropriate requirements needed during our study and research project period. We also extend our thanks and appreciation to the members of the discussion committee for their kind acceptance to discuss the research\u003Cbr>Researcher\u003Cbr>IV |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  |  |\n\nAbstract  \nBackground: The diagnostic efficacy of routine Posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography heavily relies on optimal radiographic technique. This study evaluates positioning errors and technical imperfections in PA chest radiographs to identify systemic workflow challenges and assess adherence to standard protocols.  \nMethods: A cross-sectional evaluation of 66 consecutive PA chest radiographs was conducted from February 2026 to April 2026 using a standardized image evaluation checklist. Images were assessed for critical criteria, including scapular superimposition, patient rotation, collimation accuracy, and preventable artifacts.  \nResults: The study revealed an overall rejection rate of 86.4%, significantly exceeding the 5–10% global benchmark. The primary deficiencies were collimation errors (90.9%), scapular superimposition over the lung fields (87.9%), thoracic rotation (83.3%), and preventable metal artifacts (57.6%) due to non-enforcement of standard gowning protocols.  \nConclusion: These exceptionally hi","cbCaipZIl5cd2bx1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipZIl5cd2bx1","pdf",3173899,1,36,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Conclusion\n# Chapter One: Introduction\n## Aims of the Study\n# Chapter Two: Literature Review\n## Frequency and prevalence of technical errors in clinical practice\n## Quality assurance-current practice and emerging solutions\n# Chapter Three: Methodology","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of evaluating positioning errors in PA chest radiography?\",\"answer\":\"To assess positioning errors and technical imperfections, identify systemic workflow challenges, and evaluate compliance with standard protocols in PA chest radiography.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted and what images were evaluated?\",\"answer\":\"A cross-sectional evaluation reviewed 66 consecutive PA chest radiographs from February 2026 to April 2026 using a standardized image evaluation checklist.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main technical deficiencies and their impact on rejection rates?\",\"answer\":\"The overall rejection rate was 86.4%, with the largest deficiencies being collimation errors (90.9%), scapular superimposition over lung fields (87.9%), thoracic rotation (83.3%), and preventable metal artifacts (57.6%).\"},{\"question\":\"What recommendations were proposed to reduce errors and improve patient safety?\",\"answer\":\"Implement urgent systematic reforms, including a “Zero-Metal” gowning policy, mandatory physical collimation, and a quarterly Reject Analysis Program to support protocol compliance and patient safety.\"}]",1783810942,91,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":89,"head_meta":91,"extra_data":93,"updated_unix":27},"evaluation-of-positioning-errors-in-pa-chest-radiography","",{"@graph":35,"@context":88},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/evaluation-of-positioning-errors-in-pa-chest-radiography/56337/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-11",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80,84],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What was the purpose of evaluating positioning errors in PA chest radiography?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"To assess positioning errors and technical imperfections, identify systemic workflow challenges, and evaluate compliance with standard protocols in PA chest radiography.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How was the study conducted and what images were evaluated?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"A cross-sectional evaluation reviewed 66 consecutive PA chest radiographs from February 2026 to April 2026 using a standardized image evaluation checklist.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What were the main technical deficiencies and their impact on rejection rates?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The overall rejection rate was 86.4%, with the largest deficiencies being collimation errors (90.9%), scapular superimposition over lung fields (87.9%), thoracic rotation (83.3%), and preventable metal artifacts (57.6%).",{"name":85,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":86},"What 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