[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-81729-en":3,"doc-seo-81729-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":83},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},81729,4810365810221,"Aurora","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Evaluating Hardware Abstraction Layer Concepts for Software Defined Vehicles","Software-Defined Vehicles (SDVs) shift automotive innovation toward software-centric architectures, demanding modularity, interoperability, real-time processing, and continuous over-the-air updates. Current in-vehicle stacks often bind software and hardware tightly, making these capabilities hard to achieve in safety-critical, multi-vendor, cloud-edge ecosystems. The paper evaluates existing automotive Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) approaches and derives cross-domain insights from smartphones, networking, and industrial automation.","Evaluating Hardware Abstraction Layer Concepts for Software Defined Vehicles: Insights into Applicability and Effectiveness  \nAkshay Narla, Johannes St¨umpfle, Souvik Saha, Nasser Jazdi and Michael Weyrich  \nInstitute of Industrial Automation and Software Engineering (IAS)  \nUniversity of Stuttgart  \nPfaffenwaldring 47, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany  \nE-Mail: {akshay.narla, johannes.stuempfle, nasser.jazdi, michael.weyrich}@ias.uni-stuttgart.de  \narXiv :2607 .00039v1 [ cs . SE] 29 Jun 2026  \nAbstract—The emergence of Software-Defined Vehicles (SDVs) represents a fundamental shift in automotive design, prioritizing software-centric architectures over traditional hardware-driven models. SDVs require modularity, interoperability, real-time processing, and over-the-air update capabilities throughout the vehicle lifecycle. However, current vehicle systems, characterized by tightly coupled software and hardware, struggle to meet these demands due to their complexity and heterogeneity. A critical first step toward enabling SDVs is the decoupling of software from hardware, which can be facilitated through a robust Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL). While existing HALs offer hardware independence and standardized interfaces, their applicability and effectiveness in SDV contexts, characterized by multi-vendor ecosystems, safety-critical requirements, and cloud-edge usage, remain uncertain.  \nThis paper systematically evaluates current automotive HALsand explores HAL mechanisms from non-automotive domains—including smartphones, networking, and industrial automation—to extract cross-domain insights relevant to SDV development. A criteria-driven evaluation framework is developed to assess HALs against SDV-specific needs. Findings reveal that while middleware-based HALs offer portability and modularity, hypervisor-based approaches better support safety, OTA readiness, and hardware efficiency. Limitations in both approaches are identified, prompting recommendations for a hybrid HAL design that integrates hypervisor isolation with middleware standardization. This paper contributes to the ongoing developmentson automotive software architecture by offering insights into the applicability and effectiveness of current HAL strategies. It provides actionable guidance for designing flexible, scalable, and future-ready HALs to support SDVs across their lifecycle. The study supports industry-wide standardization efforts and aims to ensure long-term adaptability of automotive platforms in a connected and rapidly evolving mobility ecosystem.  \nIndex Terms—Hardware Abstraction Layer, HAL, Software Defined Vehicles, Hypervisor, Middleware, API  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nThe automotive industry is transitioning from mechanically driven vehicles to SDVs, where software governs features,  \nThe authors would like to thank the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (under Grant Number: 16MEE0472) and the Chips Joint Undertaking for the financial support under Grant Agreement No: 101139789 (HAL4SDV) . The responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors.  \nservices, and value creation throughout the vehicle lifecycle. SDVs are expected to be continuously updateable, seamlessly connected, and integrated into the consumer’s digital ecosystem, enabling a connected mobility framework that spans invehicle systems, cloud services, and external infrastructures [1] . This transformation, driven by electrification, automation, shared mobility, and connected mobility, is projected to generate over $650 billion for the automotive sector by 2030 [2] . However, the complexity and heterogeneity of current vehicle hardware and software, coupled with fragmented interfacesand non-standardized data formats, hinder effective data exchange, real-time processing, and scalability required for future SDVs [3], [4] . This evolution requires a foundational shift in how software interacts with hardware in vehicles.  \nA critical barrier to realizing SDVs is t","cbCaiu2kFYE22dsc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiu2kFYE22dsc","pdf",272303,4,1,6,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Research Methodology\n# Automotive HAL Approaches\n# Cross-Domain Insights\n# Evaluation Framework and Findings\n# Recommendations for a Hybrid HAL Design","[{\"question\":\"What do the findings suggest for designing an SDV-suitable HAL?\",\"answer\":\"Middleware-based HALs improve portability and modularity, while hypervisor-based approaches better support safety, OTA readiness, and hardware efficiency. The paper recommends a hybrid HAL design combining hypervisor isolation with middleware standardization.\"}]",1784175685,15,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":78,"head_meta":80,"extra_data":82,"updated_unix":28},"evaluating-hardware-abstraction-layer-concepts-for-software-defined-vehicles","",{"@graph":36,"@context":77},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/evaluating-hardware-abstraction-layer-concepts-for-software-defined-vehicles/81729/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-23","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What do the findings suggest for designing an SDV-suitable HAL?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Middleware-based HALs improve portability and modularity, while hypervisor-based approaches better support safety, OTA readiness, and hardware efficiency. 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