[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-432109-105":59,"doc-detail-432109-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","equal-school-meals-for-all-differentiation-of-school-meals-according-to-school-social-index","Equal school meals for all - differentiation of school meals according to school social index","","The study evaluates German school menus against School Food Standard (SFS) requirements to determine whether healthy, sustainable lunches are accessible across socioeconomic status. It addresses differences between federal states where SFS implementation is obligatory versus voluntary, and analyzes whether school social indices used for extra funding influence menu compliance. Exploratory menu analysis compares SFS criteria and applies logistic and regression models to assess effects on nutrition quality, labeling, and planning completeness.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/equal-school-meals-for-all-differentiation-of-school-meals-according-to-school-social-index/432109/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/equal-school-meals-for-all-differentiation-of-school-meals-according-to-school-social-index/432109.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the study address regarding school meals in Germany?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study addresses whether German school lunches that follow the School Food Standard (SFS) are implemented fairly and whether social disadvantages lead to differences in menu quality and access to healthy, sustainable meals.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the study compare obligatory versus voluntary SFS implementation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Menus were collected from a state with obligatory SFS implementation and another where implementation was voluntary, then assessed against SFS criteria to compare compliance and dietary patterns.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Does the school social index affect menu quality under the SFS?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"No significant influence of the school social index on menu quality was observed, although obligatory-state menus generally met SFS requirements to a greater extent and showed a healthier dietary pattern.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},432109,1791736691,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962088121634,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Public Health in Practice 11 (2026) 100693  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nPublic Health in Practice  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/public-health-in-practice)[ www.sciencedirect.com/journal/public-health-in-practice](homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/public-health-in-practice)  \n| Equal school meals for all - differentiation of school meals according to school social index\u003Cbr>Cordula Hundeshagen * , Heike Rosmann\u003Cbr>Food and Consumer Education, IES Landau, Institute of Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |\n| Keywords:\u003Cbr>School food standard\u003Cbr>Nutritious school food School social index School food policy Nutrition inequality |  | Objectives: The EU is discussing providing all children healthy food at least once a day through school lunch. In Germany, a School Food Standard (SFS) aims to ensure healthy and sustainable meals, however its implementation is mandatory in only some federal states, while voluntary in others. To address social disadvantages, some states use school social indices to allocate additional funding to disadvantaged schools. This study analyzes German school menus to assess their compliance with SFS requirements under both voluntary and mandatory implementation and examines whether healthy, sustainable lunches are accessible regardless of schools’ socioeconomic status.\u003Cbr>Study design: Exploratory school meal analysis.\u003Cbr>Methods: A random sample of schools was selected based on the school register and social index, and schools were invited to participate voluntarily. Menus from a state with obligatory (OSFS) and voluntary (VSFS) implementation of the SFS were collected and analyzed. The analysis focused on SFS criteria, including a mixed diet menu, ovo-lacto-vegetarian dishes and criteria for menu planning. Binomial logistic regression and two-step multiple regression models were used to assess the influence of the school social index on compliance with SFS requirements.\u003Cbr>Results: We analyzed 67 OSFS menus and 79 VSFS menus. No significant influence of the school social index on menu quality was observed. OSFS menus generally met SFS requirements to a greater extent and exhibited a healthier dietary pattern. OSFS menus included more grain products, vegetables, legumes, and salad, fruits, and fatty fish, while containing fewer potato products, fried items, and industrial meat substitutes. They also used more organic products and sustainably sourced fish and provided better labeling for animal species, meat substitutes, additives, and allergens. OSFS menus featured more ovo-lacto-vegetarian options and prioritized seasonal and regional products. However, OSFS menus were less tailored to target audiences, lacked nutritional information, and often failed to clearly describe meal components.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: Regardless of socioeconomic status, all students receive the same food. OSFS menus better fulfilled SFS requirements and are a healthier and more sustainable option. However, compliance remains incomplete, even in OSFS states. Further research is needed to address implementation barriers and ensure equitable access to healthy school meals. |\n\n1. Introduction  \nIn 2024, 15.5 % of Germany’s population experienced monetary poverty, and 20.9 % were affected by poverty and social exclusion [1]. Around 3.2 million people face food insecurity [2], including many children [3].  \nResearch indicates that children and adolescents from lower socioeconomic status (SES) consume fewer fruits and vegetables compared  \nto their peers from higher SES, while exhibiting a higher intake of sugarsweetened beverages, meat and meat products, as well as fast food [4–7]. This issue also affects children and adolescents, making them particularly vulnerable to the associated health risks [8–10]. The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children an","cbCait3aPBwcqjOQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait3aPBwcqjOQ","pdf",1391393,"English","# Contents lists available at ScienceDirect\n## Objectives\n## Study design\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n## Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address regarding school meals in Germany?\",\"answer\":\"The study addresses whether German school lunches that follow the School Food Standard (SFS) are implemented fairly and whether social disadvantages lead to differences in menu quality and access to healthy, sustainable meals.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study compare obligatory versus voluntary SFS implementation?\",\"answer\":\"Menus were collected from a state with obligatory SFS implementation and another where implementation was voluntary, then assessed against SFS criteria to compare compliance and dietary patterns.\"},{\"question\":\"Does the school social index affect menu quality under the SFS?\",\"answer\":\"No significant influence of the school social index on menu quality was observed, although obligatory-state menus generally met SFS requirements to a greater extent and showed a healthier dietary pattern.\"}]","Equal school meals for all - differentiation of school meals according to school social index | PDF",1790658123,23]