[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-458848-105":59,"doc-detail-458848-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","epilepsy-concordance-in-monozygotic-twins-the-role-of-common-genetic-variants","Epilepsy concordance in monozygotic twins: the role of common genetic variants","","Epilepsy concordance in monozygotic twins was investigated to clarify factors underlying discordance when no obvious acquired insults are present. The study tested whether burden of common genetic variants, quantified by epilepsy polygenic risk scores, differs between concordant twin pairs, discordant twin pairs, and population controls. In 102 monozygotic twin pairs and 14,632 controls, logistic regression adjusted for sex and principal ancestry components showed concordant pairs had higher polygenic risk scores than discordant pairs and controls, while discordant pairs did not differ from controls. Findings indicate common genetic variant burden partly drives epilepsy concordance and supports polygenic risk scores as predictive markers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/epilepsy-concordance-in-monozygotic-twins-the-role-of-common-genetic-variants/458848/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/epilepsy-concordance-in-monozygotic-twins-the-role-of-common-genetic-variants/458848.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Danger Angel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What question does the study address about monozygotic twins with epilepsy?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It examines what factors contribute to epilepsy discordance in monozygotic twins when no obvious acquired insults are present, focusing on whether common genetic variant burden explains concordance.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were epilepsy polygenic risk scores (PRS) used in the analysis?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Epilepsy PRSs were calculated for monozygotic twin pairs and population controls using genome-wide association study summary statistics, providing a cumulative measure of genetic liability.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the main findings regarding PRS differences between twin groups?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Concordant monozygotic twin pairs had significantly higher epilepsy PRS than discordant pairs and controls, whereas discordant pairs showed no meaningful difference compared with controls.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},458848,1790782456,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090769052,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","[https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaf362](https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaf362) BRAIN 2026: 149; 71–76 | 71  \nEpilepsy concordance in monozygotic twins: the role of common genetic variants  \nYew Li Dang,1,2 Karen L. Oliver,1,3 Kate Esnault,1 Melanie Bahlo,3,4 Piero Perucca1,2,5,6,7 and Samuel F. Berkovic1,2  \nFactors underlying discordance for epilepsy in monozygotic twins, in the absence of obvious acquired insults, are incompletely understood. Whilst subtle lesions and postzygotic mutations are sometimes observed, the contribution of common genetic variants remains unexplored. We investigated the role of these variants, measured by polygenic risk scores, in epilepsy concordance. We hypothesized that higher epilepsy polygenic risk scores in concordant monozygotic twins, compared to discordant monozygotic twins and controls, reflect increased epilepsy risk, raising the likelihood of both twins being affected.  \nWe calculated epilepsy polygenic risk scores for 102 monozygotic twin pairs (49 concordant, 53 discordant) and 14 632 controls using 2023 epilepsy genome-wide association study summary statistics. Logistic regression, adjusted for sex and principal ancestry components, showed that concordant pairs had significantly higher epilepsy polygenic risk scores than discordant pairs (mean 0.71 versus 0.18; Padj = 0.03) and controls (mean 0.71 versus 0; Padj = 0.001) . In contrast, epilepsy polygenic risk scores in discordant pairs did not differ from controls (mean 0.18 versus 0; Padj = 0.38) . Our findings suggest that concordance for epilepsy in monozygotic twins is partly driven by common genetic variant burden, underscoring the potential utility of epilepsy polygenic risk scores as predictive markers for epilepsy risk in the general population.  \n1 Department of Medicine (Austin Health), Epilepsy Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia  \n2 Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Bladin-Berkovic Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia  \n3 Genetics and Gene Regulation Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia  \n4 Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia  \n5 Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia  \n6 Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia  \n7 Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia  \nCorrespondence to: Prof Samuel F. Berkovic,  \nEpilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (Austin Health) The University of Melbourne, Level 2  \n245 Burgundy Street, Heidelberg Victoria 3084, Australia E-mail: [s.berkovic@unimelb.edu.au](s.berkovic@unimelb.edu.au)  \nKeywords: twin study; epilepsy; polygenic risk score; concordance; common variants  \nReceived June 01, 2025. Revised August 27, 2025. Accepted September 14, 2025. Advance access publication September 25, 2025 © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n72 | BRAIN 2026: 149; 71–76 Y. L. Dang et al.  \nIntroduction  \nTwin studies have been instrumental in elucidating the heritability of epilepsy. They have served as a powerful heuristic in epilepsy research, providing early evidence for the genetic contributions to epilepsy well before genetic discoveries.1,2 Concordance for epilepsyin monozygotic (MZ) twins is taken as evidence for a germline genetic contribution to epilepsy.  \nA notable finding from early and contemporary twin studies was the observation of MZ twins dis","cbCaifzu5AJ4IB90","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifzu5AJ4IB90","pdf",492442,"English","# Introduction\n## Genetic contributions to epilepsy in twin studies\n## Polygenic risk scores in epilepsy research\n# Study aim and hypothesis\n## Comparing PRS across concordant and discordant twin pairs","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study address about monozygotic twins with epilepsy?\",\"answer\":\"It examines what factors contribute to epilepsy discordance in monozygotic twins when no obvious acquired insults are present, focusing on whether common genetic variant burden explains concordance.\"},{\"question\":\"How were epilepsy polygenic risk scores (PRS) used in the analysis?\",\"answer\":\"Epilepsy PRSs were calculated for monozygotic twin pairs and population controls using genome-wide association study summary statistics, providing a cumulative measure of genetic liability.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings regarding PRS differences between twin groups?\",\"answer\":\"Concordant monozygotic twin pairs had significantly higher epilepsy PRS than discordant pairs and controls, whereas discordant pairs showed no meaningful difference compared with controls.\"}]","Epilepsy concordance in monozygotic twins: the role of common genetic variants | PDF",1790754597,15]