[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-331851-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-331851-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","epigenetic-regulation-in-cancer-review","Epigenetic regulation in cancer - Review","","Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes in gene activity that occur without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Cancer development is propelled by accumulative alterations affecting genome structure and function, where epigenetic regulation works alongside genetic mutations to modulate gene expression and support malignant phenotypes. Key mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone mark pattern shifts that drive tumor development and metastasis. Because epigenetic changes are reversible, they represent prime therapeutic targets. The review analyzes effects on tumor initiation, metastatic behavior, metabolic pathways, and the tumor microenvironment, emphasizing dysregulation across multiple epigenetic modulation levels and evaluating treatment strategies targeting chromatin abnormalities.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/epigenetic-regulation-in-cancer-review/331851/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/epigenetic-regulation-in-cancer-review/331851.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Himbo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What are epigenetic modifications in cancer biology?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. In cancer, they modulate gene expression and help establish malignant characteristics.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How do epigenetic changes contribute to tumor development and metastasis?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Shifts in DNA methylation and histone mark patterns promote tumor development and metastatic behavior. These changes also support phenotypic plasticity and tumor heterogeneity.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why is epigenetic machinery considered a promising therapeutic target?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Unlike genetic changes, many epigenetic alterations are reversible. This reversibility makes the epigenetic machinery an attractive target for discovering and developing novel therapeutics.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},331851,1790193945,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},687197100911,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697","DOI: 10.1002/mco2.495  \nREVIEW  \nEpigenetic regulation in cancer  \nMinzhi Gu1,2, 3 ,\\#  Bo Ren1,2, 3 ,\\#  Yuan Fang1,2, 3  \nJie Ren1,2, 3  \nXiaohong Liu1,2, 3  \nXing Wang1,2, 3  Feihan Zhou1,2, 3  Ruiling Xiao1,2, 3  Xiyuan Luo1,2, 3  Lei You1,2, 3 ,∗  Yupei Zhao1,2, 3 ,∗  \n1 Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China  \n2 Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China  \n3National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China  \n∗ Correspondence  \nLei You and Yupei Zhao, Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100023, P. R. China. Email: [florayo@163.com](florayo@163.com); [zhao8028@263.net](zhao8028@263.net)  \nFunding information  \nNational Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 82273455, 82303504; CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Number:  \n2021-I2M-1-002; National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding, Grant/Award Number:  \n2022-PUMCH-D-001  \nAbstract  \nEpigenetic modifications are defined as heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence. The oncogenic process is driven by the accumulation of alterations that impact genome’s structure and function. Genetic mutations, which directly disrupt the DNA sequence, are complemented by epigenetic modifications that modulate gene expression, thereby facilitating the acquisition of malignant characteristics. Principals among these epigenetic changes are shifts in DNA methylation and histone mark patterns, which promote tumor development and metastasis. Notably, the reversible nature of epigenetic alterations, as opposed to the permanence of genetic changes, positions the epigenetic machinery as a prime target in the discovery of novel therapeutics. Our review delves into the complexities of epigenetic regulation, exploring its profound effects on tumor initiation, metastatic behavior, metabolic pathways, and the tumor microenvironment. We place a particular emphasis on the dysregulation at each level of epigenetic modulation, including but not limited to, the aberrations in enzymes responsible for DNA methylation and histone modification, subunit loss or fusions in chromatin remodeling complexes, and the disturbances in higher-order chromatin structure. Finally, we also evaluate therapeutic approaches that leverage the growing understanding of chromatin dysregulation, offering new avenues for cancer treatment.  \nKEYWORDS  \ncancer metastasis, epigenetics, tumor microenvironment, tumorigenesis  \n\\#Minzhi Gu and Bo Ren contributed equally to this study.  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2024 The Authors. MedComm published by Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.  \nMedComm. 2024;5:e495 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.495](https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.495)  \n[wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mco2](wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mco2)  \n1 of 27  \nGU et al.  \n1  INTRODUCTION  \nIn a seminal conceptualization by Conrad Waddington, the term “epigenetics” was introduced to encapsulate the phenomenon whereby alterations in cellular phenotype are inherited across generations, independent of DNA sequence change.1 Occupying a crucial nexus, epigenetics interlinks the genome, developmental biology, and environmental interactions, governed by the interplay of genomic sequences, environmental factors, and stochastic elements. These epigenetic mechanisms are pivotal in underpinning the processes of cellular devel","cbCaibVgG13z7VOD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibVgG13z7VOD","pdf",972774,27,"English","# Introduction\n## Epigenetics concept and relevance to cancer\n## Epigenetic heterogeneity, plasticity, and therapy implications","[{\"question\":\"What are epigenetic modifications in cancer biology?\",\"answer\":\"Epigenetic modifications are heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. In cancer, they modulate gene expression and help establish malignant characteristics.\"},{\"question\":\"How do epigenetic changes contribute to tumor development and metastasis?\",\"answer\":\"Shifts in DNA methylation and histone mark patterns promote tumor development and metastatic behavior. These changes also support phenotypic plasticity and tumor heterogeneity.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is epigenetic machinery considered a promising therapeutic target?\",\"answer\":\"Unlike genetic changes, many epigenetic alterations are reversible. This reversibility makes the epigenetic machinery an attractive target for discovering and developing novel therapeutics.\"}]","Epigenetic regulation in cancer - Review | PDF",1789995503,68]